merged CostIntegrand and its derivative setting function into a single call

fix naming of TSAdjoint function pointers

added TSTrajectory object for storing solution values and modified TSAdjoint solvers to use it
TSAdjoint now no longer uses TSMonitor for storing solutions for "reverse" mode

convert TSAdjoint monitor routines to simple minded TSTrajectory routine

unifiy "monitor" routines of TSAdjoint and move into TS software

more merges in rebase

added TSAdjointSolve()

Fixed major memory leak in rk adjoint solver because ts->setup was reset to zero when entering reverse mode which caused all basic TS work objects to be created a second time.

Fixed by adding a TSAd

Fixed major memory leak in rk adjoint solver because ts->setup was reset to zero when entering reverse mode which caused all basic TS work objects to be created a second time.

Fixed by adding a TSAdjointSetUp() for its own work objects and not calling the original setup multiple times.

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add output files for make tests for TSAdjoint examples
include power-system and stability-bus directories to automatic testing!
Rename basic functions of discrete adjoint integrators as first step of

add output files for make tests for TSAdjoint examples
include power-system and stability-bus directories to automatic testing!
Rename basic functions of discrete adjoint integrators as first step of refactorization

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removed ugly typedef names for TSAdjoint callback functions

Simplify several function definitions

add integral terms in the cost function

add drdp drdy functions

change names for the quadrature term in the cost function

working on the quadrature function

add quadrature function

Fixed: header info for TSSetReverseMode()

Fixed: bug in running TSSolve multiples times. TSReset and TSSetUp caused big trouble.

Fixed: VecDestroyVecs does not work for ts->sensi and ts->sensip

add support for sensitivity w.r.t. parameters (mu)

remove unnecessary check

lambda as an array evolve simultaneously

TSStepAdj_RK added. Now users only need to provide RHSJacobian
New Features:
1. Checkpointed data go to TS->vec_sol, RK->Y directly, a forward run can be easily performed at any time, leaving room fo

TSStepAdj_RK added. Now users only need to provide RHSJacobian
New Features:
1. Checkpointed data go to TS->vec_sol, RK->Y directly, a forward run can be easily performed at any time, leaving room for the switch between forward run and reverse run;
2. Adjoint sensivitiy analysis use a new state TS->vec-sensi, which can be intialized by TSSetSensitivity() and fetched by TSGetSensitivity();
3. Variables storing stages and temprary vectors of reverse run are defined in the TSRK context, e.g. VecDeltaLam and VecSensiTemp.

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New features:

1. Use one TS object for both forward run and backward run
2. Adjoint coefficients are computed based on the forward method without registering new schemes
3. Take advantage of the for

New features:

1. Use one TS object for both forward run and backward run
2. Adjoint coefficients are computed based on the forward method without registering new schemes
3. Take advantage of the formal adjoint for TSRK methods with nonzero b or that only the last element of b is 0.
4. Users need to call TSSolve() twice with the second one preceded by a function swithcing TS to reverse mode.

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SA for van der Pol