#include <petscts.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define NEW_VERSION // Applicable for the new features; avoid this for the old (current) TSEvent code

static char help[] = "Simple linear problem with events\n"
                     "x_dot =  0.2*y\n"
                     "y_dot = -0.2*x\n"
                     "Using one event function = sin(pi*t), zeros = 1,...,10\n"
                     "Options:\n"
                     "-dir    d : zero-crossing direction for events\n"
                     "-flg      : additional output in Postevent\n"
                     "-restart  : flag for TSRestartStep() in PostEvent\n"
                     "-dtpost x : if x > 0, then on even PostEvent calls dt_postevent = x is set, on odd PostEvent calls dt_postevent = 0 is set,\n"
                     "            if x == 0, nothing happens\n";

#define MAX_NFUNC 100  // max event functions per rank
#define MAX_NEV   5000 // max zero crossings for each rank

typedef struct {
  PetscMPIInt rank, size;
  PetscReal   pi;
  PetscReal   fvals[MAX_NFUNC]; // helper array for reporting the residuals
  PetscReal   evres[MAX_NEV];   // times of found zero-crossings
  PetscInt    evnum[MAX_NEV];   // number of zero-crossings at each time
  PetscInt    cnt;              // counter
  PetscBool   flg;              // flag for additional print in PostEvent
  PetscBool   restart;          // flag for TSRestartStep() in PostEvent
  PetscReal   dtpost;           // post-event step
  PetscInt    postcnt;          // counter for PostEvent calls
} AppCtx;

PetscErrorCode EventFunction(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec U, PetscReal gval[], void *ctx);
PetscErrorCode Postevent(TS ts, PetscInt nev_zero, PetscInt evs_zero[], PetscReal t, Vec U, PetscBool fwd, void *ctx);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  TS           ts;
  Mat          A;
  Vec          sol;
  PetscInt     n, dir0, m = 0;
  PetscInt     dir[MAX_NFUNC], inds[2];
  PetscBool    term[MAX_NFUNC];
  PetscScalar *x, vals[4];
  AppCtx       ctx;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, (char *)0, help));
  setbuf(stdout, NULL);
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &ctx.rank));
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &ctx.size));
  ctx.pi      = PetscAcosReal(-1.0);
  ctx.cnt     = 0;
  ctx.flg     = PETSC_FALSE;
  ctx.restart = PETSC_FALSE;
  ctx.dtpost  = 0;
  ctx.postcnt = 0;

  // The linear problem has a 2*2 matrix. The matrix is constant
  if (ctx.rank == 0) m = 2;
  inds[0] = 0;
  inds[1] = 1;
  vals[0] = 0;
  vals[1] = 0.2;
  vals[2] = -0.2;
  vals[3] = 0;
  PetscCall(MatCreateAIJ(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, m, m, PETSC_DETERMINE, PETSC_DETERMINE, 2, NULL, 0, NULL, &A));
  PetscCall(MatSetValues(A, m, inds, m, inds, vals, INSERT_VALUES));
  PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(A, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
  PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(A, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
  PetscCall(MatSetOption(A, MAT_NEW_NONZERO_LOCATION_ERR, PETSC_TRUE));

  PetscCall(MatCreateVecs(A, &sol, NULL));
  PetscCall(VecGetArray(sol, &x));
  if (ctx.rank == 0) { // initial conditions
    x[0] = 0;          // sin(0)
    x[1] = 1;          // cos(0)
  }
  PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(sol, &x));

  PetscCall(TSCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &ts));
  PetscCall(TSSetProblemType(ts, TS_LINEAR));

  PetscCall(TSSetRHSFunction(ts, NULL, TSComputeRHSFunctionLinear, NULL));
  PetscCall(TSSetRHSJacobian(ts, A, A, TSComputeRHSJacobianConstant, NULL));

  PetscCall(TSSetTimeStep(ts, 0.1));
  PetscCall(TSSetType(ts, TSBEULER));
  PetscCall(TSSetMaxSteps(ts, 10000));
  PetscCall(TSSetMaxTime(ts, 10.0));
  PetscCall(TSSetExactFinalTime(ts, TS_EXACTFINALTIME_MATCHSTEP));
  PetscCall(TSSetFromOptions(ts));

  // Set the event handling
  dir0 = 0;
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL, NULL, "-dir", &dir0, NULL));             // desired zero-crossing direction
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsHasName(NULL, NULL, "-flg", &ctx.flg));               // flag for additional output
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL, NULL, "-restart", &ctx.restart, NULL)); // flag for TSRestartStep()
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetReal(NULL, NULL, "-dtpost", &ctx.dtpost, NULL));   // post-event step

  n = 0;               // event counter
  if (ctx.rank == 0) { // first event -- on rank-0
    dir[n]    = dir0;
    term[n++] = PETSC_FALSE;
  }
  PetscCall(TSSetEventHandler(ts, n, dir, term, EventFunction, Postevent, &ctx));

  // Solution
  PetscCall(TSSolve(ts, sol));

  // The 3 columns printed are: [RANK] [num. of events at the given time] [time of event]
  for (PetscInt j = 0; j < ctx.cnt; j++) PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "%d\t%" PetscInt_FMT "\t%g\n", ctx.rank, ctx.evnum[j], (double)ctx.evres[j]));
  PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedFlush(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_STDOUT));

  PetscCall(MatDestroy(&A));
  PetscCall(TSDestroy(&ts));
  PetscCall(VecDestroy(&sol));

  PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
  return 0;
}

/*
  User callback for defining the event-functions
*/
PetscErrorCode EventFunction(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec U, PetscReal gval[], void *ctx)
{
  PetscInt n   = 0;
  AppCtx  *Ctx = (AppCtx *)ctx;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  // for the test purposes, event-functions are defined based on t
  // first event -- on rank-0
  if (Ctx->rank == 0) { gval[n++] = PetscSinReal(Ctx->pi * t); }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*
  User callback for the post-event stuff
*/
PetscErrorCode Postevent(TS ts, PetscInt nev_zero, PetscInt evs_zero[], PetscReal t, Vec U, PetscBool fwd, void *ctx)
{
  AppCtx *Ctx = (AppCtx *)ctx;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  if (Ctx->flg) {
    PetscCallBack("EventFunction", EventFunction(ts, t, U, Ctx->fvals, ctx));
    PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "[%d] At t = %20.16g : %" PetscInt_FMT " events triggered, fvalues =", Ctx->rank, (double)t, nev_zero));
    for (PetscInt j = 0; j < nev_zero; j++) PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "\t%g", (double)Ctx->fvals[evs_zero[j]]));
    PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "\n"));
    PetscCall(PetscSynchronizedFlush(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_STDOUT));
  }

  if (Ctx->cnt < MAX_NEV && nev_zero > 0) {
    Ctx->evres[Ctx->cnt]   = t;
    Ctx->evnum[Ctx->cnt++] = nev_zero;
  }

#ifdef NEW_VERSION
  Ctx->postcnt++; // sync
  if (Ctx->dtpost > 0) {
    if (Ctx->postcnt % 2 == 0) PetscCall(TSSetPostEventStep(ts, Ctx->dtpost));
    else PetscCall(TSSetPostEventStep(ts, 0));
  }
#endif

  if (Ctx->restart) PetscCall(TSRestartStep(ts));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*TEST
  test:
    suffix: 0
    output_file: output/ex1sin_0.out
    args: -dir 0
    args: -restart {{0 1}}
    args: -dtpost {{0 0.25}}
    args: -ts_event_post_event_step {{0 0.31}}
    args: -ts_type {{beuler rk}}
    args: -ts_adapt_type {{none basic}}
    nsize: {{1 4}}
    filter: sort
    filter_output: sort

  test:
    suffix: p
    output_file: output/ex1sin_p.out
    args: -dir 1
    args: -restart {{0 1}}
    args: -dtpost {{0 0.31}}
    args: -ts_event_post_event_step {{0 0.25}}
    args: -ts_type {{beuler rk}}
    args: -ts_adapt_type {{none basic}}
    nsize: {{1 2}}
    filter: sort
    filter_output: sort

  test:
    suffix: n
    output_file: output/ex1sin_n.out
    args: -dir -1
    args: -restart {{0 1}}
    args: -dtpost {{0 0.25}}
    args: -ts_event_post_event_step {{0 0.31}}
    args: -ts_type {{beuler rk}}
    args: -ts_adapt_type {{none basic}}
    nsize: {{1 4}}
    filter: sort
    filter_output: sort
TEST*/