xref: /petsc/include/petscsys.h (revision 09573ac72a50d3e7ecd55a2b7f0ef28450cd0a8b)

/*
   This is the main PETSc include file (for C and C++).  It is included by all
   other PETSc include files, so it almost never has to be specifically included.
*/
#if !defined(__PETSCSYS_H)
#define __PETSCSYS_H
/* ========================================================================== */
/*
   petscconf.h is contained in ${PETSC_ARCH}/include/petscconf.h it is
   found automatically by the compiler due to the -I${PETSC_DIR}/${PETSC_ARCH}/include
   in the conf/variables definition of PETSC_INCLUDE
*/
#include "petscconf.h"
#include "petscfix.h"

/* ========================================================================== */
/*
   This facilitates using C version of PETSc from C++ and
   C++ version from C. Use --with-c-support --with-clanguage=c++ with ./configure for the latter)
*/
#if defined(PETSC_CLANGUAGE_CXX) && !defined(PETSC_USE_EXTERN_CXX) && !defined(__cplusplus)
#error "PETSc configured with --with-clanguage=c++ and NOT --with-c-support - it can be used only with a C++ compiler"
#endif

#if defined(__cplusplus)
#  define PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME_CXX
#else
#  define PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME_C
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_USE_EXTERN_CXX) && defined(__cplusplus)
#define PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_BEGIN extern "C" {
#define PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_END  }
#else
#define PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_BEGIN
#define PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_END
#endif
/* ========================================================================== */
/*
   Current PETSc version number and release date. Also listed in
    Web page
    src/docs/tex/manual/intro.tex,
    src/docs/tex/manual/manual.tex.
    src/docs/website/index.html.
*/
#include "petscversion.h"
#define PETSC_AUTHOR_INFO        "       The PETSc Team\n    petsc-maint@mcs.anl.gov\n http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/\n"
#if (PETSC_VERSION_RELEASE == 1)
#define PetscGetVersion(version,len) PetscSNPrintf(version,len,"Petsc Release Version %d.%d.%d, Patch %d, %s ", \
                                         PETSC_VERSION_MAJOR,PETSC_VERSION_MINOR, PETSC_VERSION_SUBMINOR, \
					 PETSC_VERSION_PATCH,PETSC_VERSION_PATCH_DATE)
#else
#define PetscGetVersion(version,len) PetscSNPrintf(version,len,"Petsc Development HG revision: %s  HG Date: %s", \
                                        PETSC_VERSION_HG, PETSC_VERSION_DATE_HG)
#endif

/*MC
    PetscGetVersion - Gets the PETSc version information in a string.

    Input Parameter:
.   len - length of the string

    Output Parameter:
.   version - version string

    Level: developer

    Usage:
    char version[256];
    ierr = PetscGetVersion(version,256);CHKERRQ(ierr)

    Fortran Note:
    This routine is not supported in Fortran.

.seealso: PetscGetProgramName()

M*/

/* ========================================================================== */

/*
   Fixes for ./configure time choices which impact our interface. Currently only
   calling conventions and extra compiler checking falls under this category.
*/
#if !defined(PETSC_STDCALL)
#define PETSC_STDCALL
#endif
#if !defined(PETSC_TEMPLATE)
#define PETSC_TEMPLATE
#endif
#if !defined(PETSC_HAVE_DLL_EXPORT)
#define PETSC_DLL_EXPORT
#define PETSC_DLL_IMPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCVEC_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCVEC_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCMAT_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCMAT_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCDM_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCDM_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCKSP_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCKSP_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCSNES_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCSNES_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCTS_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCTS_DLLEXPORT
#endif
#if !defined(PETSCFORTRAN_DLLEXPORT)
#define PETSCFORTRAN_DLLEXPORT
#endif
/* ========================================================================== */

/*
    Defines the interface to MPI allowing the use of all MPI functions.

    PETSc does not use the C++ binding of MPI at ALL. The following flag
    makes sure the C++ bindings are not included. The C++ bindings REQUIRE
    putting mpi.h before ANY C++ include files, we cannot control this
    with all PETSc users. Users who want to use the MPI C++ bindings can include
    mpicxx.h directly in their code
*/
#define MPICH_SKIP_MPICXX 1
#define OMPI_SKIP_MPICXX 1
#include "mpi.h"

/*
    Yuck, we need to put stdio.h AFTER mpi.h for MPICH2 with C++ compiler
    see the top of mpicxx.h in the MPICH2 distribution.

    The MPI STANDARD HAS TO BE CHANGED to prevent this nonsense.
*/
#include <stdio.h>

/* MSMPI on 32bit windows requires this yukky hack - that breaks MPI standard compliance */
#if !defined(MPIAPI)
#define MPIAPI
#endif


/*MC
    PetscErrorCode - datatype used for return error code from all PETSc functions

    Level: beginner

.seealso: CHKERRQ, SETERRQ
M*/
typedef int PetscErrorCode;

/*MC

    PetscClassId - A unique id used to identify each PETSc class.
         (internal integer in the data structure used for error
         checking). These are all defined by an offset from the lowest
         one, PETSC_SMALLEST_CLASSID.

    Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscClassIdRegister(), PetscLogEventRegister(), PetscHeaderCreate()
M*/
typedef int PetscClassId;


/*MC
    PetscBLASInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to BLAS/LAPACK functions.

    Level: intermediate

    Notes: usually this is the same as PetscInt, but if PETSc was built with --with-64-bit-indices but
           standard C/Fortran integers are 32 bit then this is NOT the same as PetscInt it remains 32 bit
           (except on very rare BLAS/LAPACK implementations that support 64 bit integers).

    PetscBLASIntCheck(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscBLASInt, if not it generates a
      PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE.

    PetscBLASInt b = PetscBLASIntCast(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscBLASInt, if not it
      generates a PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE

.seealso: PetscMPIInt, PetscInt

M*/
typedef int PetscBLASInt;

/*MC
    PetscMPIInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to MPI functions.

    Level: intermediate

    Notes: usually this is the same as PetscInt, but if PETSc was built with --with-64-bit-indices but
           standard C/Fortran integers are 32 bit then this is NOT the same as PetscInt it remains 32 bit

    PetscMPIIntCheck(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscMPIInt, if not it generates a
      PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE.

    PetscMPIInt b = PetscMPIIntCast(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscMPIInt, if not it
      generates a PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE

.seealso: PetscBLASInt, PetscInt

M*/
typedef int PetscMPIInt;

/*MC
    PetscEnum - datatype used to pass enum types within PETSc functions.

    Level: intermediate

    PetscMPIIntCheck(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscMPIInt, if not it generates a
      PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE.

    PetscMPIInt b = PetscMPIIntCast(a) checks if the given PetscInt a will fit in a PetscMPIInt, if not it
      generates a PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE

.seealso: PetscOptionsGetEnum(), PetscOptionsEnum(), PetscBagRegisterEnum()
M*/
typedef enum { ENUM_DUMMY } PetscEnum;

/*MC
    PetscInt - PETSc type that represents integer - used primarily to
      represent size of arrays and indexing into arrays. Its size can be configured with the option
      --with-64-bit-indices - to be either 32bit or 64bit [default 32 bit ints]

   Level: intermediate

.seealso: PetscScalar, PetscBLASInt, PetscMPIInt
M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES)
typedef long long PetscInt;
#define MPIU_INT MPI_LONG_LONG_INT
#else
typedef int PetscInt;
#define MPIU_INT MPI_INT
#endif

/*EC

    PetscPrecision - indicates what precision the object is using

    Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscObjectSetPrecision()
E*/
typedef enum { PETSC_PRECISION_SINGLE=4,PETSC_PRECISION_DOUBLE=8 } PetscPrecision;
extern const char *PetscPrecisions[];


/*
    For the rare cases when one needs to send a size_t object with MPI
*/
#if (PETSC_SIZEOF_SIZE_T) == (PETSC_SIZEOF_INT)
#define MPIU_SIZE_T MPI_INT
#elif  (PETSC_SIZEOF_SIZE_T) == (PETSC_SIZEOF_LONG)
#define MPIU_SIZE_T MPI_LONG
#elif  (PETSC_SIZEOF_SIZE_T) == (PETSC_SIZEOF_LONG_LONG)
#define MPIU_SIZE_T MPI_LONG_LONG_INT
#else
#error "Unknown size for size_t! Send us a bugreport at petsc-maint@mcs.anl.gov"
#endif


/*
      You can use PETSC_STDOUT as a replacement of stdout. You can also change
    the value of PETSC_STDOUT to redirect all standard output elsewhere
*/

extern FILE* PETSC_STDOUT;

/*
      You can use PETSC_STDERR as a replacement of stderr. You can also change
    the value of PETSC_STDERR to redirect all standard error elsewhere
*/
extern FILE* PETSC_STDERR;

/*
      PETSC_ZOPEFD is used to send data to the PETSc webpage.  It can be used
    in conjunction with PETSC_STDOUT, or by itself.
*/
extern FILE* PETSC_ZOPEFD;

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_EXTERN_CXX) && defined(__cplusplus)
/*MC
      PetscPolymorphicSubroutine - allows defining a C++ polymorphic version of
            a PETSc function that remove certain optional arguments for a simplier user interface

   Synopsis:
   PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(Functionname,(arguments of C++ function),(arguments of C function))

     Not collective

   Level: developer

    Example:
      PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(VecNorm,(Vec x,PetscReal *r),(x,NORM_2,r)) generates the new routine
           PetscErrorCode VecNorm(Vec x,PetscReal *r) = VecNorm(x,NORM_2,r)

.seealso: PetscPolymorphicFunction()

M*/
#define PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(A,B,C) PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode A B {return A C;}

/*MC
      PetscPolymorphicScalar - allows defining a C++ polymorphic version of
            a PETSc function that replaces a PetscScalar * argument with a PetscScalar argument

   Synopsis:
   PetscPolymorphicScalar(Functionname,(arguments of C++ function),(arguments of C function))

   Not collective

   Level: developer

    Example:
      PetscPolymorphicScalar(VecAXPY,(PetscScalar _val,Vec x,Vec y),(&_Val,x,y)) generates the new routine
           PetscErrorCode VecAXPY(PetscScalar _val,Vec x,Vec y) = {PetscScalar _Val = _val; return VecAXPY(&_Val,x,y);}

.seealso: PetscPolymorphicFunction(),PetscPolymorphicSubroutine()

M*/
#define PetscPolymorphicScalar(A,B,C) PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode A B {PetscScalar _Val = _val; return A C;}

/*MC
      PetscPolymorphicFunction - allows defining a C++ polymorphic version of
            a PETSc function that remove certain optional arguments for a simplier user interface
            and returns the computed value (istead of an error code)

   Synopsis:
   PetscPolymorphicFunction(Functionname,(arguments of C++ function),(arguments of C function),return type,return variable name)

     Not collective

   Level: developer

    Example:
      PetscPolymorphicFunction(VecNorm,(Vec x,NormType t),(x,t,&r),PetscReal,r) generates the new routine
         PetscReal VecNorm(Vec x,NormType t) = {PetscReal r; VecNorm(x,t,&r); return r;}

.seealso: PetscPolymorphicSubroutine()

M*/
#define PetscPolymorphicFunction(A,B,C,D,E) PETSC_STATIC_INLINE D A B {D E; A C;return E;}

#else
#define PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(A,B,C)
#define PetscPolymorphicScalar(A,B,C)
#define PetscPolymorphicFunction(A,B,C,D,E)
#endif

/*MC
    PetscUnlikely - hints the compiler that the given condition is usually FALSE

    Synopsis:
    PetscBool  PetscUnlikely(PetscBool  cond)

    Not Collective

    Input Parameters:
.   cond - condition or expression

    Note: This returns the same truth value, it is only a hint to compilers that the resulting
    branch is unlikely.

    Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscLikely(), CHKERRQ
M*/

/*MC
    PetscLikely - hints the compiler that the given condition is usually TRUE

    Synopsis:
    PetscBool  PetscUnlikely(PetscBool  cond)

    Not Collective

    Input Parameters:
.   cond - condition or expression

    Note: This returns the same truth value, it is only a hint to compilers that the resulting
    branch is likely.

    Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscUnlikely()
M*/
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_BUILTIN_EXPECT)
#  define PetscUnlikely(cond)   __builtin_expect(!!(cond),0)
#  define PetscLikely(cond)     __builtin_expect(!!(cond),1)
#else
#  define PetscUnlikely(cond)   (cond)
#  define PetscLikely(cond)     (cond)
#endif

/*
    Extern indicates a PETSc function defined elsewhere
*/
#if !defined(EXTERN)
#define extern extern
#endif

/*
    Defines some elementary mathematics functions and constants.
*/
#include "petscmath.h"

/*
    Declare extern C stuff after including external header files
*/

PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_BEGIN

/*
       Basic PETSc constants
*/

/*E
    PetscBool  - Logical variable. Actually an int in C and a logical in Fortran.

   Level: beginner

   Developer Note: Why have PetscBool , why not use bool in C? The problem is that K and R C, C99 and C++ all have different mechanisms for
      boolean values. It is not easy to have a simple macro that that will work properly in all circumstances with all three mechanisms.

E*/
typedef enum { PETSC_FALSE,PETSC_TRUE } PetscBool;
extern const char *PetscBools[];

/*E
    PetscCopyMode  - Determines how an array passed to certain functions is copied or retained

   Level: beginner

$   PETSC_COPY_VALUES - the array values are copied into new space, the user is free to reuse or delete the passed in array
$   PETSC_OWN_POINTER - the array values are NOT copied, the object takes ownership of the array and will free it later, the user cannot change or
$                       delete the array. The array MUST have been obtained with PetscMalloc(). Hence this mode cannot be used in Fortran.
$   PETSC_USE_POINTER - the array values are NOT copied, the object uses the array but does NOT take ownership of the array. The user cannot use
                        the array but the user must delete the array after the object is destroyed.

E*/
typedef enum { PETSC_COPY_VALUES, PETSC_OWN_POINTER, PETSC_USE_POINTER} PetscCopyMode;
extern const char *PetscCopyModes[];

/*MC
    PETSC_FALSE - False value of PetscBool

    Level: beginner

    Note: Zero integer

.seealso: PetscBool , PETSC_TRUE
M*/

/*MC
    PETSC_TRUE - True value of PetscBool

    Level: beginner

    Note: Nonzero integer

.seealso: PetscBool , PETSC_FALSE
M*/

/*MC
    PETSC_NULL - standard way of passing in a null or array or pointer

   Level: beginner

   Notes: accepted by many PETSc functions to not set a parameter and instead use
          some default

          This macro does not exist in Fortran; you must use PETSC_NULL_INTEGER,
          PETSC_NULL_DOUBLE_PRECISION, PETSC_NULL_FUNCTION, PETSC_NULL_OBJECT etc

  Developer Note: Why have PETSC_NULL, why not just use NULL? The problem is that NULL is defined in different include files under
      different versions of Unix. It is tricky to insure the correct include file is always included.

.seealso: PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DEFAULT, PETSC_IGNORE, PETSC_DETERMINE

M*/
#define PETSC_NULL           0

/*MC
    PETSC_DECIDE - standard way of passing in integer or floating point parameter
       where you wish PETSc to use the default.

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PETSC_NULL, PETSC_DEFAULT, PETSC_IGNORE, PETSC_DETERMINE

M*/
#define PETSC_DECIDE         -1

/*MC
    PETSC_DEFAULT - standard way of passing in integer or floating point parameter
       where you wish PETSc to use the default.

   Level: beginner

   Fortran Notes: You need to use PETSC_DEFAULT_INTEGER or PETSC_DEFAULT_DOUBLE_PRECISION.

.seealso: PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_NULL, PETSC_IGNORE, PETSC_DETERMINE

M*/
#define PETSC_DEFAULT        -2


/*MC
    PETSC_IGNORE - same as PETSC_NULL, means PETSc will ignore this argument

   Level: beginner

   Note: accepted by many PETSc functions to not set a parameter and instead use
          some default

   Fortran Notes: This macro does not exist in Fortran; you must use PETSC_NULL_INTEGER,
          PETSC_NULL_DOUBLE_PRECISION etc

.seealso: PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DEFAULT, PETSC_NULL, PETSC_DETERMINE

M*/
#define PETSC_IGNORE         PETSC_NULL

/*MC
    PETSC_DETERMINE - standard way of passing in integer or floating point parameter
       where you wish PETSc to compute the required value.

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DEFAULT, PETSC_IGNORE, PETSC_NULL, VecSetSizes()

M*/
#define PETSC_DETERMINE      PETSC_DECIDE

/*MC
    PETSC_COMM_WORLD - the equivalent of the MPI_COMM_WORLD communicator which represents
           all the processs that PETSc knows about.

   Level: beginner

   Notes: By default PETSC_COMM_WORLD and MPI_COMM_WORLD are identical unless you wish to
          run PETSc on ONLY a subset of MPI_COMM_WORLD. In that case create your new (smaller)
          communicator, call it, say comm, and set PETSC_COMM_WORLD = comm BEFORE calling
          PetscInitialize()

.seealso: PETSC_COMM_SELF

M*/
extern MPI_Comm PETSC_COMM_WORLD;

/*MC
    PETSC_COMM_SELF - This is always MPI_COMM_SELF

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PETSC_COMM_WORLD

M*/
#define PETSC_COMM_SELF MPI_COMM_SELF

extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBool  PetscInitializeCalled;
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBool  PetscFinalizeCalled;

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetHelpVersionFunctions(PetscErrorCode (*)(MPI_Comm),PetscErrorCode (*)(MPI_Comm));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscCommDuplicate(MPI_Comm,MPI_Comm*,int*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscCommDestroy(MPI_Comm*);

/*MC
   PetscMalloc - Allocates memory

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc(size_t m,void **result)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.  m - number of bytes to allocate

   Output Parameter:
.  result - memory allocated

   Level: beginner

   Notes: Memory is always allocated at least double aligned

          If you request memory of zero size it will allocate no space and assign the pointer to 0; PetscFree() will
          properly handle not freeing the null pointer.

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#define PetscMalloc(a,b)  ((a != 0) ? (*PetscTrMalloc)((a),__LINE__,PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME,__FILE__,__SDIR__,(void**)(b)) : (*(b) = 0,0) )

/*MC
   PetscAddrAlign - Rounds up an address to PETSC_MEMALIGN alignment

   Synopsis:
   void *PetscAddrAlign(void *addr)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
.  addr - address to align (any pointer type)

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscMallocAlign()

  Concepts: memory allocation
M*/
#define PetscAddrAlign(a) (void*)((((PETSC_UINTPTR_T)(a))+(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1)) & ~(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1))

/*MC
   PetscMalloc2 - Allocates 2 chunks of  memory both aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc2(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
-  t2 - type of second memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
-  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc2(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2))
#else
#define PetscMalloc2(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2) ((*(r2) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
                                         || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),0))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscMalloc3 - Allocates 3 chunks of  memory  all aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc3(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2,size_t m3,type t3,void **r3)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t2 - type of second memory elements
.  m3 - number of elements to allocate in 3rd chunk  (may be zero)
-  t3 - type of third memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
.  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk
-  r3 - memory allocated in third chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree3()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc3(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2) || PetscMalloc((m3)*sizeof(t3),r3))
#else
#define PetscMalloc3(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3) ((*(r2) = 0,*(r3) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(m3)*sizeof(t3)+2*(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
                                                  || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),*(r3) = (t3*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r2)+m2),0))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscMalloc4 - Allocates 4 chunks of  memory  all aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc4(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2,size_t m3,type t3,void **r3,size_t m4,type t4,void **r4)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t2 - type of second memory elements
.  m3 - number of elements to allocate in 3rd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t3 - type of third memory elements
.  m4 - number of elements to allocate in 4th chunk  (may be zero)
-  t4 - type of fourth memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
.  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk
.  r3 - memory allocated in third chunk
-  r4 - memory allocated in fourth chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree3(), PetscFree4()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc4(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2) || PetscMalloc((m3)*sizeof(t3),r3) || PetscMalloc((m4)*sizeof(t4),r4))
#else
#define PetscMalloc4(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4)               \
  ((*(r2) = 0, *(r3) = 0, *(r4) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(m3)*sizeof(t3)+(m4)*sizeof(t4)+3*(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
   || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),*(r3) = (t3*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r2)+m2),*(r4) = (t4*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r3)+m3),0))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscMalloc5 - Allocates 5 chunks of  memory all aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc5(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2,size_t m3,type t3,void **r3,size_t m4,type t4,void **r4,size_t m5,type t5,void **r5)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t2 - type of second memory elements
.  m3 - number of elements to allocate in 3rd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t3 - type of third memory elements
.  m4 - number of elements to allocate in 4th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t4 - type of fourth memory elements
.  m5 - number of elements to allocate in 5th chunk  (may be zero)
-  t5 - type of fifth memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
.  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk
.  r3 - memory allocated in third chunk
.  r4 - memory allocated in fourth chunk
-  r5 - memory allocated in fifth chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree3(), PetscFree4(), PetscFree5()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc5(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2) || PetscMalloc((m3)*sizeof(t3),r3) || PetscMalloc((m4)*sizeof(t4),r4) || PetscMalloc((m5)*sizeof(t5),r5))
#else
#define PetscMalloc5(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5)      \
  ((*(r2) = 0, *(r3) = 0, *(r4) = 0,*(r5) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(m3)*sizeof(t3)+(m4)*sizeof(t4)+(m5)*sizeof(t5)+4*(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
   || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),*(r3) = (t3*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r2)+m2),*(r4) = (t4*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r3)+m3),*(r5) = (t5*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r4)+m4),0))
#endif


/*MC
   PetscMalloc6 - Allocates 6 chunks of  memory all aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc6(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2,size_t m3,type t3,void **r3,size_t m4,type t4,void **r4,size_t m5,type t5,void **r5,size_t m6,type t6,void **r6)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t2 - type of second memory elements
.  m3 - number of elements to allocate in 3rd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t3 - type of third memory elements
.  m4 - number of elements to allocate in 4th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t4 - type of fourth memory elements
.  m5 - number of elements to allocate in 5th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t5 - type of fifth memory elements
.  m6 - number of elements to allocate in 6th chunk  (may be zero)
-  t6 - type of sixth memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
.  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk
.  r3 - memory allocated in third chunk
.  r4 - memory allocated in fourth chunk
.  r5 - memory allocated in fifth chunk
-  r6 - memory allocated in sixth chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree3(), PetscFree4(), PetscFree5(), PetscFree6()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc6(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5,m6,t6,r6) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2) || PetscMalloc((m3)*sizeof(t3),r3) || PetscMalloc((m4)*sizeof(t4),r4) || PetscMalloc((m5)*sizeof(t5),r5) || PetscMalloc((m6)*sizeof(t6),r6))
#else
#define PetscMalloc6(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5,m6,t6,r6) \
  ((*(r2) = 0, *(r3) = 0, *(r4) = 0,*(r5) = 0,*(r6) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(m3)*sizeof(t3)+(m4)*sizeof(t4)+(m5)*sizeof(t5)+(m6)*sizeof(t6)+5*(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
   || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),*(r3) = (t3*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r2)+m2),*(r4) = (t4*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r3)+m3),*(r5) = (t5*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r4)+m4),*(r6) = (t6*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r5)+m5),0))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscMalloc7 - Allocates 7 chunks of  memory all aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscMalloc7(size_t m1,type, t1,void **r1,size_t m2,type t2,void **r2,size_t m3,type t3,void **r3,size_t m4,type t4,void **r4,size_t m5,type t5,void **r5,size_t m6,type t6,void **r6,size_t m7,type t7,void **r7)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  m1 - number of elements to allocate in 1st chunk  (may be zero)
.  t1 - type of first memory elements
.  m2 - number of elements to allocate in 2nd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t2 - type of second memory elements
.  m3 - number of elements to allocate in 3rd chunk  (may be zero)
.  t3 - type of third memory elements
.  m4 - number of elements to allocate in 4th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t4 - type of fourth memory elements
.  m5 - number of elements to allocate in 5th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t5 - type of fifth memory elements
.  m6 - number of elements to allocate in 6th chunk  (may be zero)
.  t6 - type of sixth memory elements
.  m7 - number of elements to allocate in 7th chunk  (may be zero)
-  t7 - type of sixth memory elements

   Output Parameter:
+  r1 - memory allocated in first chunk
.  r2 - memory allocated in second chunk
.  r3 - memory allocated in third chunk
.  r4 - memory allocated in fourth chunk
.  r5 - memory allocated in fifth chunk
.  r6 - memory allocated in sixth chunk
-  r7 - memory allocated in seventh chunk

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree3(), PetscFree4(), PetscFree5(), PetscFree6(), PetscFree7()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscMalloc7(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5,m6,t6,r6,m7,t7,r7) (PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1),r1) || PetscMalloc((m2)*sizeof(t2),r2) || PetscMalloc((m3)*sizeof(t3),r3) || PetscMalloc((m4)*sizeof(t4),r4) || PetscMalloc((m5)*sizeof(t5),r5) || PetscMalloc((m6)*sizeof(t6),r6) || PetscMalloc((m7)*sizeof(t7),r7))
#else
#define PetscMalloc7(m1,t1,r1,m2,t2,r2,m3,t3,r3,m4,t4,r4,m5,t5,r5,m6,t6,r6,m7,t7,r7) \
  ((*(r2) = 0, *(r3) = 0, *(r4) = 0,*(r5) = 0,*(r6) = 0,*(r7) = 0,PetscMalloc((m1)*sizeof(t1)+(m2)*sizeof(t2)+(m3)*sizeof(t3)+(m4)*sizeof(t4)+(m5)*sizeof(t5)+(m6)*sizeof(t6)+(m7)*sizeof(t7)+6*(PETSC_MEMALIGN-1),r1)) \
   || (*(r2) = (t2*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r1)+m1),*(r3) = (t3*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r2)+m2),*(r4) = (t4*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r3)+m3),*(r5) = (t5*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r4)+m4),*(r6) = (t6*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r5)+m5),*(r7) = (t7*)PetscAddrAlign(*(r6)+m6),0))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscNew - Allocates memory of a particular type, zeros the memory! Aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscNew(struct type,((type *))result)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.  type - structure name of space to be allocated. Memory of size sizeof(type) is allocated

   Output Parameter:
.  result - memory allocated

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscMalloc(), PetscNewLog()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#define PetscNew(A,b)      (PetscMalloc(sizeof(A),(b)) || PetscMemzero(*(b),sizeof(A)))

/*MC
   PetscNewLog - Allocates memory of a particular type, zeros the memory! Aligned to PETSC_MEMALIGN. Associates the memory allocated
         with the given object using PetscLogObjectMemory().

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscNewLog(PetscObject obj,struct type,((type *))result)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+  obj - object memory is logged to
-  type - structure name of space to be allocated. Memory of size sizeof(type) is allocated

   Output Parameter:
.  result - memory allocated

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscMalloc(), PetscNew(), PetscLogObjectMemory()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#define PetscNewLog(o,A,b) (PetscNew(A,b) || ((o) ? PetscLogObjectMemory(o,sizeof(A)) : 0))

/*MC
   PetscFree - Frees memory

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree(void *memory)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.   memory - memory to free (the pointer is ALWAYS set to 0 upon sucess)

   Level: beginner

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscNew() or PetscMalloc()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscFreeVoid()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#define PetscFree(a)   ((a) ? ((*PetscTrFree)((void*)(a),__LINE__,PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME,__FILE__,__SDIR__) || (((a) = 0),0)) : 0)

/*MC
   PetscFreeVoid - Frees memory

   Synopsis:
   void PetscFreeVoid(void *memory)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.   memory - memory to free

   Level: beginner

   Notes: This is different from PetscFree() in that no error code is returned

.seealso: PetscFree(), PetscNew(), PetscMalloc()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#define PetscFreeVoid(a) ((*PetscTrFree)((a),__LINE__,PETSC_FUNCTION_NAME,__FILE__,__SDIR__),(a) = 0)


/*MC
   PetscFree2 - Frees 2 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc2()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree2(void *memory1,void *memory2)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   memory1 - memory to free
-   memory2 - 2nd memory to free

   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc2()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree2(m1,m2)   (PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree2(m1,m2)   ((m2)=0, PetscFree(m1))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscFree3 - Frees 3 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc3()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree3(void *memory1,void *memory2,void *memory3)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   memory1 - memory to free
.   memory2 - 2nd memory to free
-   memory3 - 3rd memory to free

   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc3()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree(), PetscMalloc3()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree3(m1,m2,m3)   (PetscFree(m3) || PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree3(m1,m2,m3)   ((m3)=0,(m2)=0,PetscFree(m1))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscFree4 - Frees 4 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc4()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree4(void *m1,void *m2,void *m3,void *m4)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   m1 - memory to free
.   m2 - 2nd memory to free
.   m3 - 3rd memory to free
-   m4 - 4th memory to free

   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc4()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree(), PetscMalloc3(), PetscMalloc4()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree4(m1,m2,m3,m4)   (PetscFree(m4) || PetscFree(m3) || PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree4(m1,m2,m3,m4)   ((m4)=0,(m3)=0,(m2)=0,PetscFree(m1))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscFree5 - Frees 5 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc5()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree5(void *m1,void *m2,void *m3,void *m4,void *m5)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   m1 - memory to free
.   m2 - 2nd memory to free
.   m3 - 3rd memory to free
.   m4 - 4th memory to free
-   m5 - 5th memory to free

   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc5()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree(), PetscMalloc3(), PetscMalloc4(), PetscMalloc5()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree5(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5)   (PetscFree(m5) || PetscFree(m4) || PetscFree(m3) || PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree5(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5)   ((m5)=0,(m4)=0,(m3)=0,(m2)=0,PetscFree(m1))
#endif


/*MC
   PetscFree6 - Frees 6 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc6()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree6(void *m1,void *m2,void *m3,void *m4,void *m5,void *m6)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   m1 - memory to free
.   m2 - 2nd memory to free
.   m3 - 3rd memory to free
.   m4 - 4th memory to free
.   m5 - 5th memory to free
-   m6 - 6th memory to free


   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc6()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree(), PetscMalloc3(), PetscMalloc4(), PetscMalloc5(), PetscMalloc6()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree6(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6)   (PetscFree(m6) || PetscFree(m5) || PetscFree(m4) || PetscFree(m3) || PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree6(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6)   ((m6)=0,(m5)=0,(m4)=0,(m3)=0,(m2)=0,PetscFree(m1))
#endif

/*MC
   PetscFree7 - Frees 7 chunks of memory obtained with PetscMalloc7()

   Synopsis:
   PetscErrorCode PetscFree7(void *m1,void *m2,void *m3,void *m4,void *m5,void *m6,void *m7)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
+   m1 - memory to free
.   m2 - 2nd memory to free
.   m3 - 3rd memory to free
.   m4 - 4th memory to free
.   m5 - 5th memory to free
.   m6 - 6th memory to free
-   m7 - 7th memory to free


   Level: developer

   Notes: Memory must have been obtained with PetscMalloc7()

.seealso: PetscNew(), PetscMalloc(), PetscMalloc2(), PetscFree(), PetscMalloc3(), PetscMalloc4(), PetscMalloc5(), PetscMalloc6(),
          PetscMalloc7()

  Concepts: memory allocation

M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
#define PetscFree7(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6,m7)   (PetscFree(m7) || PetscFree(m6) || PetscFree(m5) || PetscFree(m4) || PetscFree(m3) || PetscFree(m2) || PetscFree(m1))
#else
#define PetscFree7(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6,m7)   ((m7)=0,(m6)=0,(m5)=0,(m4)=0,(m3)=0,(m2)=0,PetscFree(m1))
#endif

extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscErrorCode (*PetscTrMalloc)(size_t,int,const char[],const char[],const char[],void**);
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscErrorCode (*PetscTrFree)(void*,int,const char[],const char[],const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscMallocSet(PetscErrorCode (*)(size_t,int,const char[],const char[],const char[],void**),PetscErrorCode (*)(void*,int,const char[],const char[],const char[]));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscMallocClear(void);

/*
   Routines for tracing memory corruption/bleeding with default PETSc  memory allocation
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocDump(FILE *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocDumpLog(FILE *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocGetCurrentUsage(PetscLogDouble *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocGetMaximumUsage(PetscLogDouble *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocDebug(PetscBool);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocValidate(int,const char[],const char[],const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMallocSetDumpLog(void);


/*E
    PetscDataType - Used for handling different basic data types.

   Level: beginner

   Developer comment: It would be nice if we could always just use MPI Datatypes, why can we not?

.seealso: PetscBinaryRead(), PetscBinaryWrite(), PetscDataTypeToMPIDataType(),
          PetscDataTypeGetSize()

E*/
typedef enum {PETSC_INT = 0,PETSC_DOUBLE = 1,PETSC_COMPLEX = 2, PETSC_LONG = 3 ,PETSC_SHORT = 4,PETSC_FLOAT = 5,
              PETSC_CHAR = 6,PETSC_BIT_LOGICAL = 7,PETSC_ENUM = 8,PETSC_BOOL=9, PETSC_LONG_DOUBLE = 10, PETSC_QD_DD = 11} PetscDataType;
extern const char *PetscDataTypes[];

#if defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_COMPLEX
#else
#if defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_SINGLE)
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_FLOAT
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_LONG_DOUBLE)
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_LONG_DOUBLE
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_INT)
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_INT
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_QD_DD)
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_QD_DD
#else
#define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_DOUBLE
#endif
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_SINGLE)
#define PETSC_REAL PETSC_FLOAT
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_LONG_DOUBLE)
#define PETSC_REAL PETSC_LONG_DOUBLE
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_INT)
#define PETSC_REAL PETSC_INT
#elif defined(PETSC_USE_SCALAR_QD_DD)
#define PETSC_REAL PETSC_QD_DD
#else
#define PETSC_REAL PETSC_DOUBLE
#endif
#define PETSC_FORTRANADDR PETSC_LONG

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDataTypeToMPIDataType(PetscDataType,MPI_Datatype*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMPIDataTypeToPetscDataType(MPI_Datatype,PetscDataType*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDataTypeGetSize(PetscDataType,size_t*);

/*
    Basic memory and string operations. These are usually simple wrappers
   around the basic Unix system calls, but a few of them have additional
   functionality and/or error checking.
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscBitMemcpy(void*,PetscInt,const void*,PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscDataType);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMemmove(void*,void *,size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscMemcmp(const void*,const void*,size_t,PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrlen(const char[],size_t*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrToArray(const char[],int*,char ***);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrToArrayDestroy(int,char **);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrcmp(const char[],const char[],PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrgrt(const char[],const char[],PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrcasecmp(const char[],const char[],PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrncmp(const char[],const char[],size_t,PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrcpy(char[],const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrcat(char[],const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrncat(char[],const char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrncpy(char[],const char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrchr(const char[],char,char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrtolower(char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrrchr(const char[],char,char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrstr(const char[],const char[],char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrrstr(const char[],const char[],char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrallocpy(const char[],char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscStrreplace(MPI_Comm,const char[],char[],size_t);

/*S
    PetscToken - 'Token' used for managing tokenizing strings

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: PetscTokenCreate(), PetscTokenFind(), PetscTokenDestroy()
S*/
typedef struct _p_PetscToken* PetscToken;

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscTokenCreate(const char[],const char,PetscToken*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscTokenFind(PetscToken,char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT   PetscTokenDestroy(PetscToken);

/*
   These are  MPI operations for MPI_Allreduce() etc
*/
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT MPI_Op PetscMaxSum_Op;
#if defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX) && !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT MPI_Op MPIU_SUM;
#else
#define MPIU_SUM MPI_SUM
#endif
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMaxSum(MPI_Comm,const PetscInt[],PetscInt*,PetscInt*);

/*S
     PetscObject - any PETSc object, PetscViewer, Mat, Vec, KSP etc

   Level: beginner

   Note: This is the base class from which all objects appear.

.seealso:  PetscObjectDestroy(), PetscObjectView(), PetscObjectGetName(), PetscObjectSetName(), PetscObjectReference(), PetscObjectDereferenc()
S*/
typedef struct _p_PetscObject* PetscObject;

/*S
     PetscFList - Linked list of functions, possibly stored in dynamic libraries, accessed
      by string name

   Level: advanced

.seealso:  PetscFListAdd(), PetscFListDestroy()
S*/
typedef struct _n_PetscFList *PetscFList;

/*E
  PetscFileMode - Access mode for a file.

  Level: beginner

  FILE_MODE_READ - open a file at its beginning for reading

  FILE_MODE_WRITE - open a file at its beginning for writing (will create if the file does not exist)

  FILE_MODE_APPEND - open a file at end for writing

  FILE_MODE_UPDATE - open a file for updating, meaning for reading and writing

  FILE_MODE_APPEND_UPDATE - open a file for updating, meaning for reading and writing, at the end

.seealso: PetscViewerFileSetMode()
E*/
typedef enum {FILE_MODE_READ, FILE_MODE_WRITE, FILE_MODE_APPEND, FILE_MODE_UPDATE, FILE_MODE_APPEND_UPDATE} PetscFileMode;

#include "petscviewer.h"
#include "petscoptions.h"

#define PETSC_SMALLEST_CLASSID 1211211
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscClassId PETSC_LARGEST_CLASSID;
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscClassId PETSC_OBJECT_CLASSID;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscClassIdRegister(const char[],PetscClassId *);

/*
   Routines that get memory usage information from the OS
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemoryGetCurrentUsage(PetscLogDouble *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemoryGetMaximumUsage(PetscLogDouble *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemorySetGetMaximumUsage(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemoryShowUsage(PetscViewer,const char[]);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscInfoAllow(PetscBool ,const char []);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetTime(PetscLogDouble*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetCPUTime(PetscLogDouble*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSleep(PetscReal);

/*
   Initialization of PETSc
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscInitialize(int*,char***,const char[],const char[]);
PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(PetscInitialize,(int *argc,char ***args),(argc,args,PETSC_NULL,PETSC_NULL))
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscInitializeNoArguments(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscInitialized(PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFinalized(PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFinalize(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscInitializeFortran(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetArgs(int*,char ***);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetArguments(char ***);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFreeArguments(char **);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscEnd(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSysInitializePackage(const char[]);

extern MPI_Comm PETSC_COMM_LOCAL_WORLD;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPMerge(PetscMPIInt,PetscErrorCode (*)(void*),void*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPSpawn(PetscMPIInt);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPFinalize(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPRun(MPI_Comm,PetscErrorCode (*)(MPI_Comm,void *),void*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPRunCtx(MPI_Comm,PetscErrorCode (*)(MPI_Comm,void*,void *),void*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPFree(MPI_Comm,void*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenMPMalloc(MPI_Comm,size_t,void**);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscPythonInitialize(const char[],const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscPythonFinalize(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscPythonPrintError(void);

/*
     These are so that in extern C code we can caste function pointers to non-extern C
   function pointers. Since the regular C++ code expects its function pointers to be
   C++.
*/
typedef void (**PetscVoidStarFunction)(void);
typedef void (*PetscVoidFunction)(void);
typedef PetscErrorCode (*PetscErrorCodeFunction)(void);

/*
   PetscTryMethod - Queries an object for a method, if it exists then calls it.
              These are intended to be used only inside PETSc functions.

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscUseMethod()
*/
#define  PetscTryMethod(obj,A,B,C) \
  0;{ PetscErrorCode (*f)B, __ierr; \
    __ierr = PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)obj,A,(PetscVoidStarFunction)&f);CHKERRQ(__ierr); \
    if (f) {__ierr = (*f)C;CHKERRQ(__ierr);}\
  }

/*
   PetscUseMethod - Queries an object for a method, if it exists then calls it, otherwise generates an error.
              These are intended to be used only inside PETSc functions.

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscTryMethod()
*/
#define  PetscUseMethod(obj,A,B,C) \
  0;{ PetscErrorCode (*f)B, __ierr; \
    __ierr = PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)obj,A,(PetscVoidStarFunction)&f);CHKERRQ(__ierr); \
    if (f) {__ierr = (*f)C;CHKERRQ(__ierr);}\
    else SETERRQ1(((PetscObject)obj)->comm,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Cannot locate function %s in object",A); \
  }

/*
    Functions that can act on any PETSc object.
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectCreate(MPI_Comm,PetscObject*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectCreateGeneric(MPI_Comm, PetscClassId, const char [], PetscObject *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectDestroy(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetComm(PetscObject,MPI_Comm *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetClassId(PetscObject,PetscClassId *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetType(PetscObject,const char []);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetPrecision(PetscObject,PetscPrecision);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetType(PetscObject,const char *[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetName(PetscObject,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetName(PetscObject,const char*[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectPrintClassNamePrefixType(PetscObject,PetscViewer,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetTabLevel(PetscObject,PetscInt);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetTabLevel(PetscObject,PetscInt*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectIncrementTabLevel(PetscObject,PetscObject,PetscInt);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectReference(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetReference(PetscObject,PetscInt*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectDereference(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetNewTag(PetscObject,PetscMPIInt *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectView(PetscObject,PetscViewer);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectCompose(PetscObject,const char[],PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectQuery(PetscObject,const char[],PetscObject *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectComposeFunction(PetscObject,const char[],const char[],void (*)(void));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetFromOptions(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetUp(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscCommGetNewTag(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectAddOptionsHandler(PetscObject,PetscErrorCode (*)(PetscObject,void*),PetscErrorCode (*)(PetscObject,void*),void*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectProcessOptionsHandlers(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectDestroyOptionsHandlers(PetscObject);

/*MC
   PetscObjectComposeFunctionDynamic - Associates a function with a given PETSc object.

    Synopsis:
    PetscErrorCode PetscObjectComposeFunctionDynamic(PetscObject obj,const char name[],const char fname[],void *ptr)

   Logically Collective on PetscObject

   Input Parameters:
+  obj - the PETSc object; this must be cast with a (PetscObject), for example,
         PetscObjectCompose((PetscObject)mat,...);
.  name - name associated with the child function
.  fname - name of the function
-  ptr - function pointer (or PETSC_NULL if using dynamic libraries)

   Level: advanced


   Notes:
   To remove a registered routine, pass in a PETSC_NULL rname and fnc().

   PetscObjectComposeFunctionDynamic() can be used with any PETSc object (such as
   Mat, Vec, KSP, SNES, etc.) or any user-provided object.

   The composed function must be wrapped in a EXTERN_C_BEGIN/END for this to
   work in C++/complex with dynamic link libraries (./configure options --with-shared-libraries --with-dynamic-loading)
   enabled.

   Concepts: objects^composing functions
   Concepts: composing functions
   Concepts: functions^querying
   Concepts: objects^querying
   Concepts: querying objects

.seealso: PetscObjectQueryFunction()
M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DYNAMIC_LIBRARIES)
#define PetscObjectComposeFunctionDynamic(a,b,c,d) PetscObjectComposeFunction(a,b,c,0)
#else
#define PetscObjectComposeFunctionDynamic(a,b,c,d) PetscObjectComposeFunction(a,b,c,(PetscVoidFunction)(d))
#endif

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectQueryFunction(PetscObject,const char[],void (**)(void));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectSetOptionsPrefix(PetscObject,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectAppendOptionsPrefix(PetscObject,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectPrependOptionsPrefix(PetscObject,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectGetOptionsPrefix(PetscObject,const char*[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectAMSPublish(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectUnPublish(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectChangeTypeName(PetscObject,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectRegisterDestroy(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectRegisterDestroyAll(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscObjectName(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscTypeCompare(PetscObject,const char[],PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRegisterFinalize(PetscErrorCode (*)(void));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRegisterFinalizeAll(void);

/*
    Defines PETSc error handling.
*/
#include "petscerror.h"

/*S
     PetscOList - Linked list of PETSc objects, each accessable by string name

   Level: developer

   Notes: Used by PetscObjectCompose() and PetscObjectQuery()

.seealso:  PetscOListAdd(), PetscOListDestroy(), PetscOListFind(), PetscObjectCompose(), PetscObjectQuery()
S*/
typedef struct _n_PetscOList *PetscOList;

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOListDestroy(PetscOList);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOListFind(PetscOList,const char[],PetscObject*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOListReverseFind(PetscOList,PetscObject,char**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOListAdd(PetscOList *,const char[],PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOListDuplicate(PetscOList,PetscOList *);

/*
    Dynamic library lists. Lists of names of routines in objects or in dynamic
  link libraries that will be loaded as needed.
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListAdd(PetscFList*,const char[],const char[],void (*)(void));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListDestroy(PetscFList*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListFind(PetscFList,MPI_Comm,const char[],void (**)(void));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListPrintTypes(MPI_Comm,FILE*,const char[],const char[],const char[],const char[],PetscFList,const char[]);
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DYNAMIC_LIBRARIES)
#define    PetscFListAddDynamic(a,b,p,c) PetscFListAdd(a,b,p,0)
#else
#define    PetscFListAddDynamic(a,b,p,c) PetscFListAdd(a,b,p,(void (*)(void))c)
#endif
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListDuplicate(PetscFList,PetscFList *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListView(PetscFList,PetscViewer);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListConcat(const char [],const char [],char []);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFListGet(PetscFList,char ***,int*);

/*S
     PetscDLLibrary - Linked list of dynamics libraries to search for functions

   Level: advanced

   --with-shared-libraries --with-dynamic-loading must be used with ./configure to use dynamic libraries

.seealso:  PetscDLLibraryOpen()
S*/
typedef struct _n_PetscDLLibrary *PetscDLLibrary;
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibrary DLLibrariesLoaded;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryAppend(MPI_Comm,PetscDLLibrary *,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryPrepend(MPI_Comm,PetscDLLibrary *,const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibrarySym(MPI_Comm,PetscDLLibrary *,const char[],const char[],void **);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryPrintPath(PetscDLLibrary);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryRetrieve(MPI_Comm,const char[],char *,size_t,PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryOpen(MPI_Comm,const char[],PetscDLLibrary *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryClose(PetscDLLibrary);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscDLLibraryCCAAppend(MPI_Comm,PetscDLLibrary *,const char[]);

/*
  PetscFwk support.  Needs to be documented.
  Logically it is an extension of PetscDLLXXX, PetscObjectCompose, etc.
*/
#include "petscfwk.h"

/*
     Useful utility routines
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSplitOwnership(MPI_Comm,PetscInt*,PetscInt*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSplitOwnershipBlock(MPI_Comm,PetscInt,PetscInt*,PetscInt*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSequentialPhaseBegin(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt);
PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(PetscSequentialPhaseBegin,(MPI_Comm comm),(comm,1))
PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(PetscSequentialPhaseBegin,(void),(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,1))
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSequentialPhaseEnd(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt);
PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(PetscSequentialPhaseEnd,(MPI_Comm comm),(comm,1))
PetscPolymorphicSubroutine(PetscSequentialPhaseEnd,(void),(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,1))
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBarrier(PetscObject);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMPIDump(FILE*);

/*
    PetscNot - negates a logical type value and returns result as a PetscBool

    Notes: This is useful in cases like
$     int        *a;
$     PetscBool  flag = PetscNot(a)
     where !a does not return a PetscBool  because we cannot provide a cast from int to PetscBool  in C.
*/
 #define PetscNot(a) ((a) ? PETSC_FALSE : PETSC_TRUE)

/*
    Defines basic graphics available from PETSc.
*/
#include "petscdraw.h"

/*
    Defines the base data structures for all PETSc objects
*/
#include "private/petscimpl.h"

/*
     Defines PETSc profiling.
*/
#include "petsclog.h"

/*
          For locking, unlocking and destroying AMS memories associated with  PETSc objects. ams.h is included in petscviewer.h
*/
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_AMS)
extern PetscBool  PetscAMSPublishAll;
#define PetscObjectTakeAccess(obj)  ((((PetscObject)(obj))->amem == -1) ? 0 : AMS_Memory_take_access(((PetscObject)(obj))->amem))
#define PetscObjectGrantAccess(obj) ((((PetscObject)(obj))->amem == -1) ? 0 : AMS_Memory_grant_access(((PetscObject)(obj))->amem))
#define PetscObjectDepublish(obj)   ((((PetscObject)(obj))->amem == -1) ? 0 : AMS_Memory_destroy(((PetscObject)(obj))->amem));((PetscObject)(obj))->amem = -1;
#else
#define PetscObjectTakeAccess(obj)   0
#define PetscObjectGrantAccess(obj)  0
#define PetscObjectDepublish(obj)      0
#endif

/*
      Simple PETSc parallel IO for ASCII printing
*/
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscFixFilename(const char[],char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscFOpen(MPI_Comm,const char[],const char[],FILE**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscFClose(MPI_Comm,FILE*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscFPrintf(MPI_Comm,FILE*,const char[],...);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscPrintf(MPI_Comm,const char[],...);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscSNPrintf(char*,size_t,const char [],...);



/* These are used internally by PETSc ASCII IO routines*/
#include <stdarg.h>
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscVSNPrintf(char*,size_t,const char[],size_t*,va_list);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  (*PetscVFPrintf)(FILE*,const char[],va_list);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscVFPrintfDefault(FILE*,const char[],va_list);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MATLAB_ENGINE)
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscVFPrintf_Matlab(FILE*,const char[],va_list);
#endif

/*MC
    PetscErrorPrintf - Prints error messages.

   Synopsis:
     PetscErrorCode (*PetscErrorPrintf)(const char format[],...);

    Not Collective

    Input Parameters:
.   format - the usual printf() format string

   Options Database Keys:
+    -error_output_stdout - cause error messages to be printed to stdout instead of the
         (default) stderr
-    -error_output_none to turn off all printing of error messages (does not change the way the
          error is handled.)

   Notes: Use
$     PetscErrorPrintf = PetscErrorPrintfNone; to turn off all printing of error messages (does not change the way the
$                        error is handled.) and
$     PetscErrorPrintf = PetscErrorPrintfDefault; to turn it back on
$        of you can use your own function

          Use
     PETSC_STDERR = FILE* obtained from a file open etc. to have stderr printed to the file.
     PETSC_STDOUT = FILE* obtained from a file open etc. to have stdout printed to the file.

          Use
      PetscPushErrorHandler() to provide your own error handler that determines what kind of messages to print

   Level: developer

    Fortran Note:
    This routine is not supported in Fortran.

    Concepts: error messages^printing
    Concepts: printing^error messages

.seealso: PetscFPrintf(), PetscSynchronizedPrintf(), PetscHelpPrintf(), PetscPrintf(), PetscErrorHandlerPush(), PetscVFPrintf(), PetscHelpPrintf()
M*/
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscErrorCode (*PetscErrorPrintf)(const char[],...);

/*MC
    PetscHelpPrintf - Prints help messages.

   Synopsis:
     PetscErrorCode (*PetscHelpPrintf)(const char format[],...);

    Not Collective

    Input Parameters:
.   format - the usual printf() format string

   Level: developer

    Fortran Note:
    This routine is not supported in Fortran.

    Concepts: help messages^printing
    Concepts: printing^help messages

.seealso: PetscFPrintf(), PetscSynchronizedPrintf(), PetscErrorPrintf()
M*/
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscErrorCode  (*PetscHelpPrintf)(MPI_Comm,const char[],...);

extern PetscErrorCode  PetscErrorPrintfDefault(const char [],...);
extern PetscErrorCode  PetscErrorPrintfNone(const char [],...);
extern PetscErrorCode  PetscHelpPrintfDefault(MPI_Comm,const char [],...);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_POPEN)
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscPOpen(MPI_Comm,const char[],const char[],const char[],FILE **);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscPClose(MPI_Comm,FILE*);
#endif

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscSynchronizedPrintf(MPI_Comm,const char[],...);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscSynchronizedFPrintf(MPI_Comm,FILE*,const char[],...);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscSynchronizedFlush(MPI_Comm);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscSynchronizedFGets(MPI_Comm,FILE*,size_t,char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscStartMatlab(MPI_Comm,const char[],const char[],FILE**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscStartJava(MPI_Comm,const char[],const char[],FILE**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscGetPetscDir(const char*[]);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT  PetscPopUpSelect(MPI_Comm,const char*,const char*,int,const char**,int*);

/*S
     PetscContainer - Simple PETSc object that contains a pointer to any required data

   Level: advanced

.seealso:  PetscObject, PetscContainerCreate()
S*/
extern PetscClassId PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PETSC_CONTAINER_CLASSID;
typedef struct _p_PetscContainer*  PetscContainer;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscContainerGetPointer(PetscContainer,void **);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscContainerSetPointer(PetscContainer,void *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscContainerDestroy(PetscContainer);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscContainerCreate(MPI_Comm,PetscContainer *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscContainerSetUserDestroy(PetscContainer, PetscErrorCode (*)(void*));

/*
   For use in debuggers
*/
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMPIInt PetscGlobalRank;
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMPIInt PetscGlobalSize;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscIntView(PetscInt,const PetscInt[],PetscViewer);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRealView(PetscInt,const PetscReal[],PetscViewer);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscScalarView(PetscInt,const PetscScalar[],PetscViewer);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MEMORY_H)
#include <memory.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STDLIB_H)
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STRINGS_H)
#include <strings.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STRING_H)
#include <string.h>
#endif


#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_XMMINTRIN_H)
#include <xmmintrin.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STDINT_H)
#include <stdint.h>
#endif

/*@C
   PetscMemcpy - Copies n bytes, beginning at location b, to the space
   beginning at location a. The two memory regions CANNOT overlap, use
   PetscMemmove() in that case.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
+  b - pointer to initial memory space
-  n - length (in bytes) of space to copy

   Output Parameter:
.  a - pointer to copy space

   Level: intermediate

   Compile Option:
    PETSC_PREFER_DCOPY_FOR_MEMCPY will cause the BLAS dcopy() routine to be used
                                  for memory copies on double precision values.
    PETSC_PREFER_COPY_FOR_MEMCPY will cause C code to be used
                                  for memory copies on double precision values.
    PETSC_PREFER_FORTRAN_FORMEMCPY will cause Fortran code to be used
                                  for memory copies on double precision values.

   Note:
   This routine is analogous to memcpy().

   Developer Note: this is inlined for fastest performance

  Concepts: memory^copying
  Concepts: copying^memory

.seealso: PetscMemmove()

@*/
PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemcpy(void *a,const void *b,size_t n)
{
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
  unsigned long al = (unsigned long) a,bl = (unsigned long) b;
  unsigned long nl = (unsigned long) n;
  if (n > 0 && !b) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_NULL,"Trying to copy from a null pointer");
  if (n > 0 && !a) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_NULL,"Trying to copy to a null pointer");
#endif
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (a != b) {
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
    if ((al > bl && (al - bl) < nl) || (bl - al) < nl) {
      SETERRQ3(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP,"Memory regions overlap: either use PetscMemmov()\n\
              or make sure your copy regions and lengths are correct. \n\
              Length (bytes) %ld first address %ld second address %ld",nl,al,bl);
    }
#endif
#if (defined(PETSC_PREFER_DCOPY_FOR_MEMCPY) || defined(PETSC_PREFER_COPY_FOR_MEMCPY) || defined(PETSC_PREFER_FORTRAN_FORMEMCPY))
   if (!(((long) a) % sizeof(PetscScalar)) && !(n % sizeof(PetscScalar))) {
      size_t len = n/sizeof(PetscScalar);
#if defined(PETSC_PREFER_DCOPY_FOR_MEMCPY)
      PetscBLASInt one = 1,blen = PetscBLASIntCast(len);
      BLAScopy_(&blen,(PetscScalar *)b,&one,(PetscScalar *)a,&one);
#elif defined(PETSC_PREFER_FORTRAN_FORMEMCPY)
      fortrancopy_(&len,(PetscScalar*)b,(PetscScalar*)a);
#else
      size_t      i;
      PetscScalar *x = (PetscScalar*)b, *y = (PetscScalar*)a;
      for (i=0; i<len; i++) y[i] = x[i];
#endif
    } else {
      memcpy((char*)(a),(char*)(b),n);
    }
#elif defined(PETSC_HAVE__INTEL_FAST_MEMCPY)
    _intel_fast_memcpy((char*)(a),(char*)(b),n);
#else
    memcpy((char*)(a),(char*)(b),n);
#endif
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/*@C
   PetscMemzero - Zeros the specified memory.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
+  a - pointer to beginning memory location
-  n - length (in bytes) of memory to initialize

   Level: intermediate

   Compile Option:
   PETSC_PREFER_BZERO - on certain machines (the IBM RS6000) the bzero() routine happens
  to be faster than the memset() routine. This flag causes the bzero() routine to be used.

   Developer Note: this is inlined for fastest performance

   Concepts: memory^zeroing
   Concepts: zeroing^memory

.seealso: PetscMemcpy()
@*/
PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscMemzero(void *a,size_t n)
{
  if (n > 0) {
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
    if (!a) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_NULL,"Trying to zero at a null pointer");
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_PREFER_ZERO_FOR_MEMZERO)
    if (!(((long) a) % sizeof(PetscScalar)) && !(n % sizeof(PetscScalar))) {
      size_t      i,len = n/sizeof(PetscScalar);
      PetscScalar *x = (PetscScalar*)a;
      for (i=0; i<len; i++) x[i] = 0.0;
    } else {
#elif defined(PETSC_PREFER_FORTRAN_FOR_MEMZERO)
    if (!(((long) a) % sizeof(PetscScalar)) && !(n % sizeof(PetscScalar))) {
      PetscInt len = n/sizeof(PetscScalar);
      fortranzero_(&len,(PetscScalar*)a);
    } else {
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_PREFER_BZERO)
      bzero((char *)a,n);
#elif defined (PETSC_HAVE__INTEL_FAST_MEMSET)
      _intel_fast_memset((char*)a,0,n);
#else
      memset((char*)a,0,n);
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_PREFER_ZERO_FOR_MEMZERO) || defined(PETSC_PREFER_FORTRAN_FOR_MEMZERO)
    }
#endif
  }
  return 0;
}

/*MC
   PetscPrefetchBlock - Prefetches a block of memory

   Synopsis:
    void PetscPrefetchBlock(const anytype *a,size_t n,int rw,int t)

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
+  a - pointer to first element to fetch (any type but usually PetscInt or PetscScalar)
.  n - number of elements to fetch
.  rw - 1 if the memory will be written to, otherwise 0 (ignored by many processors)
-  t - temporal locality (PETSC_PREFETCH_HINT_{NTA,T0,T1,T2}), see note

   Level: developer

   Notes:
   The last two arguments (rw and t) must be compile-time constants.

   Adopting Intel's x86/x86-64 conventions, there are four levels of temporal locality.  Not all architectures offer
   equivalent locality hints, but the following macros are always defined to their closest analogue.
+  PETSC_PREFETCH_HINT_NTA - Non-temporal.  Prefetches directly to L1, evicts to memory (skips higher level cache unless it was already there when prefetched).
.  PETSC_PREFETCH_HINT_T0 - Fetch to all levels of cache and evict to the closest level.  Use this when the memory will be reused regularly despite necessary eviction from L1.
.  PETSC_PREFETCH_HINT_T1 - Fetch to level 2 and higher (not L1).
-  PETSC_PREFETCH_HINT_T2 - Fetch to high-level cache only.  (On many systems, T0 and T1 are equivalent.)

   This function does nothing on architectures that do not support prefetch and never errors (even if passed an invalid
   address).

   Concepts: memory
M*/
#define PetscPrefetchBlock(a,n,rw,t) do {                               \
    const char *_p = (const char*)(a),*_end = (const char*)((a)+(n));   \
    for ( ; _p < _end; _p += PETSC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) PETSC_Prefetch(_p,(rw),(t)); \
  } while (0)

/*
    Allows accessing Matlab Engine
*/
#include "petscmatlab.h"

/*
      Determine if some of the kernel computation routines use
   Fortran (rather than C) for the numerical calculations. On some machines
   and compilers (like complex numbers) the Fortran version of the routines
   is faster than the C/C++ versions. The flag --with-fortran-kernels
   should be used with ./configure to turn these on.
*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNELS)

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTCRL)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTCRL
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTAIJPERM)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTAIJPERM
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTTRANSPOSEAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTTRANSPOSEAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_NORM)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_NORM
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MAXPY)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MAXPY
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_SOLVEAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_SOLVEAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_RELAXAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_RELAXAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_SOLVEBAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_SOLVEBAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTADDAIJ)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MULTADDAIJ
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MDOT)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_MDOT
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_XTIMESY)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_XTIMESY
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_AYPX)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_AYPX
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_WAXPY)
#define PETSC_USE_FORTRAN_KERNEL_WAXPY
#endif

#endif

/*
    Macros for indicating code that should be compiled with a C interface,
   rather than a C++ interface. Any routines that are dynamically loaded
   (such as the PCCreate_XXX() routines) must be wrapped so that the name
   mangler does not change the functions symbol name. This just hides the
   ugly extern "C" {} wrappers.
*/
#if defined(__cplusplus)
#define EXTERN_C_BEGIN extern "C" {
#define EXTERN_C_END }
#else
#define EXTERN_C_BEGIN
#define EXTERN_C_END
#endif

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*MC
    MPI_Comm - the basic object used by MPI to determine which processes are involved in a
        communication

   Level: beginner

   Note: This manual page is a place-holder because MPICH does not have a manual page for MPI_Comm

.seealso: PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_COMM_SELF
M*/

/*MC
    PetscScalar - PETSc type that represents either a double precision real number, a double precision
       complex number, a single precision real number, a long double or an int - if the code is configured
       with --with-scalar-type=real,complex --with-precision=single,double,longdouble,int,matsingle


   Level: beginner

.seealso: PetscReal, PassiveReal, PassiveScalar, MPIU_SCALAR, PetscInt
M*/

/*MC
    PetscReal - PETSc type that represents a real number version of PetscScalar

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PetscScalar, PassiveReal, PassiveScalar
M*/

/*MC
    PassiveScalar - PETSc type that represents a PetscScalar
   Level: beginner

    This is the same as a PetscScalar except in code that is automatically differentiated it is
   treated as a constant (not an indendent or dependent variable)

.seealso: PetscReal, PassiveReal, PetscScalar
M*/

/*MC
    PassiveReal - PETSc type that represents a PetscReal

   Level: beginner

    This is the same as a PetscReal except in code that is automatically differentiated it is
   treated as a constant (not an indendent or dependent variable)

.seealso: PetscScalar, PetscReal, PassiveScalar
M*/

/*MC
    MPIU_SCALAR - MPI datatype corresponding to PetscScalar

   Level: beginner

    Note: In MPI calls that require an MPI datatype that matches a PetscScalar or array of PetscScalars
          pass this value

.seealso: PetscReal, PassiveReal, PassiveScalar, PetscScalar, MPIU_INT
M*/

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPIIO)
#if !defined(PETSC_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
extern PetscErrorCode MPIU_File_write_all(MPI_File,void*,PetscMPIInt,MPI_Datatype,MPI_Status*);
extern PetscErrorCode MPIU_File_read_all(MPI_File,void*,PetscMPIInt,MPI_Datatype,MPI_Status*);
#else
#define MPIU_File_write_all(a,b,c,d,e) MPI_File_write_all(a,b,c,d,e)
#define MPIU_File_read_all(a,b,c,d,e) MPI_File_read_all(a,b,c,d,e)
#endif
#endif

/* the following petsc_static_inline require petscerror.h */

/* Limit MPI to 32-bits */
#define PETSC_MPI_INT_MAX  2147483647
#define PETSC_MPI_INT_MIN -2147483647
/* Limit BLAS to 32-bits */
#define PETSC_BLAS_INT_MAX  2147483647
#define PETSC_BLAS_INT_MIN -2147483647
/* On 32 bit systems HDF5 is limited by size of integer, because hsize_t is defined as size_t */
#define PETSC_HDF5_INT_MAX  2147483647
#define PETSC_HDF5_INT_MIN -2147483647

#if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES)
#define PetscMPIIntCheck(a)  if ((a) > PETSC_MPI_INT_MAX) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Message too long for MPI")
#define PetscBLASIntCheck(a)  if ((a) > PETSC_BLAS_INT_MAX) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Array too long for BLAS/LAPACK")
#define PetscMPIIntCast(a) (a);PetscMPIIntCheck(a)
#define PetscBLASIntCast(a) (a);PetscBLASIntCheck(a)

#if (PETSC_SIZEOF_SIZE_T == 4)
#define PetscHDF5IntCheck(a)  if ((a) > PETSC_HDF5_INT_MAX) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Array too long for HDF5")
#define PetscHDF5IntCast(a) (a);PetscHDF5IntCheck(a)
#else
#define PetscHDF5IntCheck(a)
#define PetscHDF5IntCast(a) a
#endif

#else
#define PetscMPIIntCheck(a)
#define PetscBLASIntCheck(a)
#define PetscHDF5IntCheck(a)
#define PetscMPIIntCast(a) a
#define PetscBLASIntCast(a) a
#define PetscHDF5IntCast(a) a
#endif


/*
     The IBM include files define hz, here we hide it so that it may be used
   as a regular user variable.
*/
#if defined(hz)
#undef hz
#endif

/*  For arrays that contain filenames or paths */


#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_LIMITS_H)
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
#include <sys/param.h>
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H)
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#if defined(MAXPATHLEN)
#  define PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN     MAXPATHLEN
#elif defined(MAX_PATH)
#  define PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN     MAX_PATH
#elif defined(_MAX_PATH)
#  define PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN     _MAX_PATH
#else
#  define PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN     4096
#endif

/* Special support for C++ */
#include "petscsys.hh"


/*MC

    UsingFortran - Fortran can be used with PETSc in four distinct approaches

$    1) classic Fortran 77 style
$#include "finclude/petscXXX.h" to work with material from the XXX component of PETSc
$       XXX variablename
$      You cannot use this approach if you wish to use the Fortran 90 specific PETSc routines
$      which end in F90; such as VecGetArrayF90()
$
$    2) classic Fortran 90 style
$#include "finclude/petscXXX.h"
$#include "finclude/petscXXX.h90" to work with material from the XXX component of PETSc
$       XXX variablename
$
$    3) Using Fortran modules
$#include "finclude/petscXXXdef.h"
$         use petscXXXX
$       XXX variablename
$
$    4) Use Fortran modules and Fortran data types for PETSc types
$#include "finclude/petscXXXdef.h"
$         use petscXXXX
$       type(XXX) variablename
$      To use this approach you must ./configure PETSc with the additional
$      option --with-fortran-datatypes You cannot use the type(XXX) declaration approach without using Fortran modules

    Finally if you absolutely do not want to use any #include you can use either

$    3a) skip the #include BUT you cannot use any PETSc data type names like Vec, Mat, PetscInt, PetscErrorCode etc
$        and you must declare the variables as integer, for example
$        integer variablename
$
$    4a) skip the #include, you use the object types like type(Vec) type(Mat) but cannot use the data type
$        names like PetscErrorCode, PetscInt etc. again for those you must use integer

   We recommend either 2 or 3. Approaches 2 and 3 provide type checking for most PETSc function calls; 4 has type checking
for only a few PETSc functions.

   Fortran type checking with interfaces is strick, this means you cannot pass a scalar value when an array value
is expected (even though it is legal Fortran). For example when setting a single value in a matrix with MatSetValues()
you cannot have something like
$      PetscInt row,col
$      PetscScalar val
$        ...
$      call MatSetValues(mat,1,row,1,col,val,INSERT_VALUES,ierr)
You must instead have
$      PetscInt row(1),col(1)
$      PetscScalar val(1)
$        ...
$      call MatSetValues(mat,1,row,1,col,val,INSERT_VALUES,ierr)


    See the example src/vec/vec/examples/tutorials/ex20f90.F90 for an example that can use all four approaches

    Developer Notes: The finclude/petscXXXdef.h contain all the #defines (would be typedefs in C code) these
     automatically include their predecessors; for example finclude/petscvecdef.h includes finclude/petscisdef.h

     The finclude/petscXXXX.h contain all the parameter statements for that package. These automatically include
     their finclude/petscXXXdef.h file but DO NOT automatically include their predecessors;  for example
     finclude/petscvec.h does NOT automatically include finclude/petscis.h

     The finclude/ftn-custom/petscXXXdef.h90 are not intended to be used directly in code, they define the
     Fortran data type type(XXX) (for example type(Vec)) when PETSc is ./configure with the --with-fortran-datatypes option.

     The finclude/ftn-custom/petscXXX.h90 (not included directly by code) contain interface definitions for
     the PETSc Fortran stubs that have different bindings then their C version (for example VecGetArrayF90).

     The finclude/ftn-auto/petscXXX.h90 (not included directly by code) contain interface definitions generated
     automatically by "make allfortranstubs".

     The finclude/petscXXX.h90 includes the custom finclude/ftn-custom/petscXXX.h90 and if ./configure
     was run with --with-fortran-interfaces it also includes the finclude/ftn-auto/petscXXX.h90 These DO NOT automatically
     include their predecessors

    Level: beginner

M*/

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetArchType(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetHostName(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetUserName(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetProgramName(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetProgramName(const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetDate(char[],size_t);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortInt(PetscInt,PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortRemoveDupsInt(PetscInt*,PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortIntWithPermutation(PetscInt,const PetscInt[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortStrWithPermutation(PetscInt,const char*[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortIntWithArray(PetscInt,PetscInt[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortMPIIntWithArray(PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt[],PetscMPIInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortIntWithScalarArray(PetscInt,PetscInt[],PetscScalar[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortReal(PetscInt,PetscReal[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortRealWithPermutation(PetscInt,const PetscReal[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortSplit(PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscScalar[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSortSplitReal(PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscReal[],PetscInt[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscProcessTree(PetscInt,const PetscBool [],const PetscInt[],PetscInt*,PetscInt**,PetscInt**,PetscInt**,PetscInt**);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetDisplay(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetDisplay(char[],size_t);

/*E
    PetscRandomType - String with the name of a PETSc randomizer
       with an optional dynamic library name, for example
       http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/lib.a:myrandcreate()

   Level: beginner

   Notes: to use the SPRNG you must have ./configure PETSc
   with the option --download-sprng

.seealso: PetscRandomSetType(), PetscRandom
E*/
#define PetscRandomType char*
#define PETSCRAND       "rand"
#define PETSCRAND48     "rand48"
#define PETSCSPRNG      "sprng"

/* Logging support */
extern PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscClassId PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID;

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomInitializePackage(const char[]);

/*S
     PetscRandom - Abstract PETSc object that manages generating random numbers

   Level: intermediate

  Concepts: random numbers

.seealso:  PetscRandomCreate(), PetscRandomGetValue(), PetscRandomType
S*/
typedef struct _p_PetscRandom*   PetscRandom;

/* Dynamic creation and loading functions */
extern PetscFList PetscRandomList;
extern PetscBool  PetscRandomRegisterAllCalled;

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomRegisterAll(const char []);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomRegister(const char[],const char[],const char[],PetscErrorCode (*)(PetscRandom));
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomRegisterDestroy(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomSetType(PetscRandom, const PetscRandomType);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomSetFromOptions(PetscRandom);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomGetType(PetscRandom, const PetscRandomType*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomViewFromOptions(PetscRandom,char*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomView(PetscRandom,PetscViewer);

/*MC
  PetscRandomRegisterDynamic - Adds a new PetscRandom component implementation

  Synopsis:
  PetscErrorCode PetscRandomRegisterDynamic(const char *name, const char *path, const char *func_name, PetscErrorCode (*create_func)(PetscRandom))

  Not Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ name        - The name of a new user-defined creation routine
. path        - The path (either absolute or relative) of the library containing this routine
. func_name   - The name of routine to create method context
- create_func - The creation routine itself

  Notes:
  PetscRandomRegisterDynamic() may be called multiple times to add several user-defined randome number generators

  If dynamic libraries are used, then the fourth input argument (routine_create) is ignored.

  Sample usage:
.vb
    PetscRandomRegisterDynamic("my_rand","/home/username/my_lib/lib/libO/solaris/libmy.a", "MyPetscRandomtorCreate", MyPetscRandomtorCreate);
.ve

  Then, your random type can be chosen with the procedural interface via
.vb
    PetscRandomCreate(MPI_Comm, PetscRandom *);
    PetscRandomSetType(PetscRandom,"my_random_name");
.ve
   or at runtime via the option
.vb
    -random_type my_random_name
.ve

  Notes: $PETSC_ARCH occuring in pathname will be replaced with appropriate values.

         For an example of the code needed to interface your own random number generator see
         src/sys/random/impls/rand/rand.c

  Level: advanced

.keywords: PetscRandom, register
.seealso: PetscRandomRegisterAll(), PetscRandomRegisterDestroy(), PetscRandomRegister()
M*/
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DYNAMIC_LIBRARIES)
#define PetscRandomRegisterDynamic(a,b,c,d) PetscRandomRegister(a,b,c,0)
#else
#define PetscRandomRegisterDynamic(a,b,c,d) PetscRandomRegister(a,b,c,d)
#endif

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomCreate(MPI_Comm,PetscRandom*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomGetValue(PetscRandom,PetscScalar*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomGetValueReal(PetscRandom,PetscReal*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomGetInterval(PetscRandom,PetscScalar*,PetscScalar*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomSetInterval(PetscRandom,PetscScalar,PetscScalar);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomSetSeed(PetscRandom,unsigned long);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomGetSeed(PetscRandom,unsigned long *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomSeed(PetscRandom);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscRandomDestroy(PetscRandom);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetFullPath(const char[],char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetRelativePath(const char[],char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetWorkingDirectory(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetRealPath(const char[],char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetHomeDirectory(char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscTestFile(const char[],char,PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscTestDirectory(const char[],char,PetscBool *);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinaryRead(int,void*,PetscInt,PetscDataType);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinarySynchronizedRead(MPI_Comm,int,void*,PetscInt,PetscDataType);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinarySynchronizedWrite(MPI_Comm,int,void*,PetscInt,PetscDataType,PetscBool );
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinaryWrite(int,void*,PetscInt,PetscDataType,PetscBool );
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinaryOpen(const char[],PetscFileMode,int *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinaryClose(int);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSharedTmp(MPI_Comm,PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSharedWorkingDirectory(MPI_Comm,PetscBool  *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGetTmp(MPI_Comm,char[],size_t);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscFileRetrieve(MPI_Comm,const char[],char[],size_t,PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscLs(MPI_Comm,const char[],char[],size_t,PetscBool *);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscOpenSocket(char*,int,int*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscWebServe(MPI_Comm,int);

/*
   In binary files variables are stored using the following lengths,
  regardless of how they are stored in memory on any one particular
  machine. Use these rather then sizeof() in computing sizes for
  PetscBinarySeek().
*/
#define PETSC_BINARY_INT_SIZE    (32/8)
#define PETSC_BINARY_FLOAT_SIZE  (32/8)
#define PETSC_BINARY_CHAR_SIZE    (8/8)
#define PETSC_BINARY_SHORT_SIZE  (16/8)
#define PETSC_BINARY_DOUBLE_SIZE (64/8)
#define PETSC_BINARY_SCALAR_SIZE sizeof(PetscScalar)

/*E
  PetscBinarySeekType - argument to PetscBinarySeek()

  Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscBinarySeek(), PetscBinarySynchronizedSeek()
E*/
typedef enum {PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_SET = 0,PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_CUR = 1,PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_END = 2} PetscBinarySeekType;
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinarySeek(int,off_t,PetscBinarySeekType,off_t*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscBinarySynchronizedSeek(MPI_Comm,int,off_t,PetscBinarySeekType,off_t*);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetDebugTerminal(const char[]);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetDebugger(const char[],PetscBool );
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetDefaultDebugger(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSetDebuggerFromString(char*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscAttachDebugger(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscStopForDebugger(void);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGatherNumberOfMessages(MPI_Comm,const PetscMPIInt[],const PetscMPIInt[],PetscMPIInt*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGatherMessageLengths(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt,const PetscMPIInt[],PetscMPIInt**,PetscMPIInt**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscGatherMessageLengths2(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt,const PetscMPIInt[],const PetscMPIInt[],PetscMPIInt**,PetscMPIInt**,PetscMPIInt**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscPostIrecvInt(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt,const PetscMPIInt[],const PetscMPIInt[],PetscInt***,MPI_Request**);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscPostIrecvScalar(MPI_Comm,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt,const PetscMPIInt[],const PetscMPIInt[],PetscScalar***,MPI_Request**);

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSSEIsEnabled(MPI_Comm,PetscBool  *,PetscBool  *);

/*E
  InsertMode - Whether entries are inserted or added into vectors or matrices

  Level: beginner

.seealso: VecSetValues(), MatSetValues(), VecSetValue(), VecSetValuesBlocked(),
          VecSetValuesLocal(), VecSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesBlocked(),
          MatSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesLocal(), VecScatterBegin(), VecScatterEnd()
E*/
typedef enum {NOT_SET_VALUES, INSERT_VALUES, ADD_VALUES, MAX_VALUES} InsertMode;

/*MC
    INSERT_VALUES - Put a value into a vector or matrix, overwrites any previous value

    Level: beginner

.seealso: InsertMode, VecSetValues(), MatSetValues(), VecSetValue(), VecSetValuesBlocked(),
          VecSetValuesLocal(), VecSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesBlocked(), ADD_VALUES,
          MatSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesLocal(), VecScatterBegin(), VecScatterEnd(), MAX_VALUES

M*/

/*MC
    ADD_VALUES - Adds a value into a vector or matrix, if there previously was no value, just puts the
                value into that location

    Level: beginner

.seealso: InsertMode, VecSetValues(), MatSetValues(), VecSetValue(), VecSetValuesBlocked(),
          VecSetValuesLocal(), VecSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesBlocked(), INSERT_VALUES,
          MatSetValuesBlockedLocal(), MatSetValuesLocal(), VecScatterBegin(), VecScatterEnd(), MAX_VALUES

M*/

/*MC
    MAX_VALUES - Puts the maximum of the scattered/gathered value and the current value into each location

    Level: beginner

.seealso: InsertMode, VecScatterBegin(), VecScatterEnd(), ADD_VALUES, INSERT_VALUES

M*/

/*S
   PetscSubcomm - Context of MPI subcommunicators, used by PCREDUNDANT

   Level: advanced

   Concepts: communicator, create
S*/
typedef struct _n_PetscSubcomm* PetscSubcomm;

struct _n_PetscSubcomm {
  MPI_Comm   parent;      /* parent communicator */
  MPI_Comm   dupparent;   /* duplicate parent communicator, under which the processors of this subcomm have contiguous rank */
  MPI_Comm   comm;        /* this communicator */
  PetscInt   n;           /* num of subcommunicators under the parent communicator */
  PetscInt   color;       /* color of processors belong to this communicator */
};

typedef enum {PETSC_SUBCOMM_GENERAL=0,PETSC_SUBCOMM_CONTIGUOUS=1,PETSC_SUBCOMM_INTERLACED=2} PetscSubcommType;
extern const char *PetscSubcommTypes[];

extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSubcommCreate(MPI_Comm,PetscSubcomm*);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCSYS_DLLEXPORT PetscSubcommDestroy(PetscSubcomm);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCMAT_DLLEXPORT PetscSubcommSetNumber(PetscSubcomm,PetscInt);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCMAT_DLLEXPORT PetscSubcommSetType(PetscSubcomm,const PetscSubcommType);
extern PetscErrorCode PETSCMAT_DLLEXPORT PetscSubcommSetTypeGeneral(PetscSubcomm,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt,PetscMPIInt);

PETSC_EXTERN_CXX_END

#endif