xref: /petsc/src/dm/dt/fe/impls/basic/febasic.c (revision 2192575e8c1428e47f7eac7b348fe8e57717183e)

#include <petsc/private/petscfeimpl.h> /*I "petscfe.h" I*/
#include <petscblaslapack.h>

static PetscErrorCode PetscFEDestroy_Basic(PetscFE fem)
{
  PetscFE_Basic *b = (PetscFE_Basic *)fem->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscFree(b));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode PetscFEView_Basic_Ascii(PetscFE fe, PetscViewer v)
{
  PetscInt        dim, Nc;
  PetscSpace      basis = NULL;
  PetscDualSpace  dual  = NULL;
  PetscQuadrature quad  = NULL;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetNumComponents(fe, &Nc));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetBasisSpace(fe, &basis));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetDualSpace(fe, &dual));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(v));
  PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(v, "Basic Finite Element in %" PetscInt_FMT " dimensions with %" PetscInt_FMT " components\n", dim, Nc));
  if (basis) PetscCall(PetscSpaceView(basis, v));
  if (dual) PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceView(dual, v));
  if (quad) PetscCall(PetscQuadratureView(quad, v));
  PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(v));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode PetscFEView_Basic(PetscFE fe, PetscViewer v)
{
  PetscBool iascii;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)v, PETSCVIEWERASCII, &iascii));
  if (iascii) PetscCall(PetscFEView_Basic_Ascii(fe, v));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/* Construct the change of basis from prime basis to nodal basis */
PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFESetUp_Basic(PetscFE fem)
{
  PetscReal    *work;
  PetscBLASInt *pivots;
  PetscBLASInt  n, info;
  PetscInt      pdim, j;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceGetDimension(fem->dualSpace, &pdim));
  PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(pdim * pdim, &fem->invV));
  for (j = 0; j < pdim; ++j) {
    PetscReal       *Bf;
    PetscQuadrature  f;
    const PetscReal *points, *weights;
    PetscInt         Nc, Nq, q, k, c;

    PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceGetFunctional(fem->dualSpace, j, &f));
    PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(f, NULL, &Nc, &Nq, &points, &weights));
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(Nc * Nq * pdim, &Bf));
    PetscCall(PetscSpaceEvaluate(fem->basisSpace, Nq, points, Bf, NULL, NULL));
    for (k = 0; k < pdim; ++k) {
      /* V_{jk} = n_j(\phi_k) = \int \phi_k(x) n_j(x) dx */
      fem->invV[j * pdim + k] = 0.0;

      for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
        for (c = 0; c < Nc; ++c) fem->invV[j * pdim + k] += Bf[(q * pdim + k) * Nc + c] * weights[q * Nc + c];
      }
    }
    PetscCall(PetscFree(Bf));
  }

  PetscCall(PetscMalloc2(pdim, &pivots, pdim, &work));
  PetscCall(PetscBLASIntCast(pdim, &n));
  PetscCallBLAS("LAPACKgetrf", LAPACKREALgetrf_(&n, &n, fem->invV, &n, pivots, &info));
  PetscCheck(!info, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_LIB, "Error returned from LAPACKgetrf %" PetscBLASInt_FMT, info);
  PetscCallBLAS("LAPACKgetri", LAPACKREALgetri_(&n, fem->invV, &n, pivots, work, &n, &info));
  PetscCheck(!info, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_LIB, "Error returned from LAPACKgetri %" PetscBLASInt_FMT, info);
  PetscCall(PetscFree2(pivots, work));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PetscErrorCode PetscFEGetDimension_Basic(PetscFE fem, PetscInt *dim)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceGetDimension(fem->dualSpace, dim));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/* Tensor contraction on the middle index,
 *    C[m,n,p] = A[m,k,p] * B[k,n]
 * where all matrices use C-style ordering.
 */
static PetscErrorCode TensorContract_Private(PetscInt m, PetscInt n, PetscInt p, PetscInt k, const PetscReal *A, const PetscReal *B, PetscReal *C)
{
  PetscInt i;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(n && p, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ, "Empty tensor is not allowed %" PetscInt_FMT " %" PetscInt_FMT, n, p);
  for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
    PetscBLASInt n_, p_, k_, lda, ldb, ldc;
    PetscReal    one = 1, zero = 0;
    /* Taking contiguous submatrices, we wish to comput c[n,p] = a[k,p] * B[k,n]
     * or, in Fortran ordering, c(p,n) = a(p,k) * B(n,k)
     */
    PetscCall(PetscBLASIntCast(n, &n_));
    PetscCall(PetscBLASIntCast(p, &p_));
    PetscCall(PetscBLASIntCast(k, &k_));
    lda = p_;
    ldb = n_;
    ldc = p_;
    PetscCallBLAS("BLASgemm", BLASREALgemm_("N", "T", &p_, &n_, &k_, &one, A + i * k * p, &lda, B, &ldb, &zero, C + i * n * p, &ldc));
  }
  PetscCall(PetscLogFlops(2. * m * n * p * k));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEComputeTabulation_Basic(PetscFE fem, PetscInt npoints, const PetscReal points[], PetscInt K, PetscTabulation T)
{
  DM         dm;
  PetscInt   pdim; /* Dimension of FE space P */
  PetscInt   dim;  /* Spatial dimension */
  PetscInt   Nc;   /* Field components */
  PetscReal *B    = K >= 0 ? T->T[0] : NULL;
  PetscReal *D    = K >= 1 ? T->T[1] : NULL;
  PetscReal *H    = K >= 2 ? T->T[2] : NULL;
  PetscReal *tmpB = NULL, *tmpD = NULL, *tmpH = NULL;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceGetDM(fem->dualSpace, &dm));
  PetscCall(DMGetDimension(dm, &dim));
  PetscCall(PetscDualSpaceGetDimension(fem->dualSpace, &pdim));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetNumComponents(fem, &Nc));
  /* Evaluate the prime basis functions at all points */
  if (K >= 0) PetscCall(DMGetWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc, MPIU_REAL, &tmpB));
  if (K >= 1) PetscCall(DMGetWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc * dim, MPIU_REAL, &tmpD));
  if (K >= 2) PetscCall(DMGetWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc * dim * dim, MPIU_REAL, &tmpH));
  PetscCall(PetscSpaceEvaluate(fem->basisSpace, npoints, points, tmpB, tmpD, tmpH));
  /* Translate from prime to nodal basis */
  if (B) {
    /* B[npoints, nodes, Nc] = tmpB[npoints, prime, Nc] * invV[prime, nodes] */
    PetscCall(TensorContract_Private(npoints, pdim, Nc, pdim, tmpB, fem->invV, B));
  }
  if (D && dim) {
    /* D[npoints, nodes, Nc, dim] = tmpD[npoints, prime, Nc, dim] * invV[prime, nodes] */
    PetscCall(TensorContract_Private(npoints, pdim, Nc * dim, pdim, tmpD, fem->invV, D));
  }
  if (H && dim) {
    /* H[npoints, nodes, Nc, dim, dim] = tmpH[npoints, prime, Nc, dim, dim] * invV[prime, nodes] */
    PetscCall(TensorContract_Private(npoints, pdim, Nc * dim * dim, pdim, tmpH, fem->invV, H));
  }
  if (K >= 0) PetscCall(DMRestoreWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc, MPIU_REAL, &tmpB));
  if (K >= 1) PetscCall(DMRestoreWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc * dim, MPIU_REAL, &tmpD));
  if (K >= 2) PetscCall(DMRestoreWorkArray(dm, npoints * pdim * Nc * dim * dim, MPIU_REAL, &tmpH));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrate_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscInt field, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *cgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscScalar integral[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  PetscFE            fe;
  PetscPointFn      *obj_func;
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  PetscTabulation   *T, *TAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *u, *u_x, *a, *a_x;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt           dim, dE, Np, numConstants, Nf, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, cOffset = 0, cOffsetAux = 0, e;
  PetscBool          isAffine;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qNc, Nq, q;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetObjective(ds, field, &obj_func));
  if (!obj_func) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, field, (PetscObject *)&fe));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(ds, &T));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, field, PETSC_DETERMINE));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    PetscCheck(T[0]->Np == TAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", T[0]->Np, TAux[0]->Np);
  }
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  Np       = cgeom->numPoints;
  dE       = cgeom->dimEmbed;
  isAffine = cgeom->isAffine;
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom fegeom;

    fegeom.dim      = cgeom->dim;
    fegeom.dimEmbed = cgeom->dimEmbed;
    if (isAffine) {
      fegeom.v    = x;
      fegeom.xi   = cgeom->xi;
      fegeom.J    = &cgeom->J[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.invJ = &cgeom->invJ[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.detJ = &cgeom->detJ[e * Np];
    }
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscScalar integrand = 0.;
      PetscReal   w;

      if (isAffine) {
        CoordinatesRefToReal(dE, dim, fegeom.xi, &cgeom->v[e * Np * dE], fegeom.J, &quadPoints[q * dim], x);
      } else {
        fegeom.v    = &cgeom->v[(e * Np + q) * dE];
        fegeom.J    = &cgeom->J[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.invJ = &cgeom->invJ[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.detJ = &cgeom->detJ[e * Np + q];
      }
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1 && q < Np) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#if !defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
        PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dim, dim, fegeom.invJ));
#endif
      }
      if (debug) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", q));
      PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, 0, q, T, &fegeom, &coefficients[cOffset], NULL, u, u_x, NULL));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, 0, q, TAux, &fegeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      obj_func(dim, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, NULL, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, 0.0, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, &integrand);
      integrand *= w;
      integral[e * Nf + field] += integrand;
    }
    if (debug > 1) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    Element Field %" PetscInt_FMT " integral: %g\n", Nf, (double)PetscRealPart(integral[e * Nf + field])));
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateBd_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscInt field, PetscBdPointFn *obj_func, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *fgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscScalar integral[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  PetscFE            fe;
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  PetscTabulation   *Tf, *TfAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *u, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscBool          isAffine, auxOnBd;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qNc, Nq, q, Np, dE;
  PetscInt           dim, dimAux, numConstants, Nf, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, cOffset = 0, cOffsetAux = 0, e;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!obj_func) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, field, (PetscObject *)&fe));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetFaceQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(ds, &Tf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, field, PETSC_DETERMINE));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetSpatialDimension(dsAux, &dimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    auxOnBd = dimAux < dim ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
    if (auxOnBd) PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    else PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    PetscCheck(Tf[0]->Np == TfAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", Tf[0]->Np, TfAux[0]->Np);
  }
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  if (debug > 1) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "Field: %" PetscInt_FMT " Nface: %" PetscInt_FMT " Nq: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", field, Ne, Nq));
  Np       = fgeom->numPoints;
  dE       = fgeom->dimEmbed;
  isAffine = fgeom->isAffine;
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom    fegeom, cgeom;
    const PetscInt face = fgeom->face[e][0]; /* Local face number in cell */
    fegeom.n            = NULL;
    fegeom.v            = NULL;
    fegeom.J            = NULL;
    fegeom.invJ         = NULL;
    fegeom.detJ         = NULL;
    fegeom.dim          = fgeom->dim;
    fegeom.dimEmbed     = fgeom->dimEmbed;
    cgeom.dim           = fgeom->dim;
    cgeom.dimEmbed      = fgeom->dimEmbed;
    if (isAffine) {
      fegeom.v    = x;
      fegeom.xi   = fgeom->xi;
      fegeom.J    = &fgeom->J[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.invJ = &fgeom->invJ[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.detJ = &fgeom->detJ[e * Np];
      fegeom.n    = &fgeom->n[e * Np * dE];

      cgeom.J    = &fgeom->suppJ[0][e * Np * dE * dE];
      cgeom.invJ = &fgeom->suppInvJ[0][e * Np * dE * dE];
      cgeom.detJ = &fgeom->suppDetJ[0][e * Np];
    }
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscScalar integrand = 0.;
      PetscReal   w;

      if (isAffine) {
        CoordinatesRefToReal(dE, dim - 1, fegeom.xi, &fgeom->v[e * Np * dE], fegeom.J, &quadPoints[q * (dim - 1)], x);
      } else {
        fegeom.v    = &fgeom->v[(e * Np + q) * dE];
        fegeom.J    = &fgeom->J[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.invJ = &fgeom->invJ[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.detJ = &fgeom->detJ[e * Np + q];
        fegeom.n    = &fgeom->n[(e * Np + q) * dE];

        cgeom.J    = &fgeom->suppJ[0][(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        cgeom.invJ = &fgeom->suppInvJ[0][(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        cgeom.detJ = &fgeom->suppDetJ[0][e * Np + q];
      }
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1 && q < Np) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#ifndef PETSC_USE_COMPLEX
        PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dim, dim, fegeom.invJ));
#endif
      }
      if (debug > 1) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", q));
      if (debug > 3) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    x_q ("));
        for (PetscInt d = 0; d < dE; ++d) {
          if (d) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ", "));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "%g", (double)fegeom.v[d]));
        }
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ")\n"));
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    n_q ("));
        for (PetscInt d = 0; d < dE; ++d) {
          if (d) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ", "));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "%g", (double)fegeom.n[d]));
        }
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ")\n"));
        for (PetscInt f = 0; f < Nf; ++f) {
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    u_%" PetscInt_FMT " (", f));
          for (PetscInt c = 0; c < uOff[f + 1] - uOff[f]; ++c) {
            if (c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ", "));
            PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "%g", (double)PetscRealPart(u[uOff[f] + c])));
          }
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, ")\n"));
        }
      }
      PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, face, q, Tf, &cgeom, &coefficients[cOffset], NULL, u, u_x, NULL));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, face, q, TfAux, &cgeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      obj_func(dim, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, NULL, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, 0.0, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, &integrand);
      integrand *= w;
      integral[e * Nf + field] += integrand;
      if (debug > 1) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    int: %g tot: %g\n", (double)PetscRealPart(integrand), (double)PetscRealPart(integral[e * Nf + field])));
    }
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateResidual_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *cgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscScalar elemVec[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  const PetscInt     field = key.field;
  PetscFE            fe;
  PetscWeakForm      wf;
  PetscInt           n0, n1, i;
  PetscPointFn     **f0_func, **f1_func;
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  PetscTabulation   *T, *TAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *f0, *f1, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt           dim, numConstants, Nf, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, cOffset = 0, cOffsetAux = 0, fOffset, e;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qdim, qNc, Nq, q, dE;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, field, (PetscObject *)&fe));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, field, &fOffset));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakForm(ds, &wf));
  PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetResidual(wf, key.label, key.value, key.field, key.part, &n0, &f0_func, &n1, &f1_func));
  if (!n0 && !n1) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, &f0, &f1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(ds, &T));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, field, PETSC_DETERMINE));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
    PetscCheck(T[0]->Np == TAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", T[0]->Np, TAux[0]->Np);
  }
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, &qdim, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  dE = cgeom->dimEmbed;
  PetscCheck(cgeom->dim == qdim, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP, "FEGeom dim %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " quadrature dim", cgeom->dim, qdim);
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom fegeom;

    fegeom.v = x; /* workspace */
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f0, Nq * T[field]->Nc));
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f1, Nq * T[field]->Nc * dE));
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c, d;

      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(cgeom, e, q, &quadPoints[q * cgeom->dim], &fegeom));
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1 && q < cgeom->numPoints) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#if !defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
        PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dE, dE, fegeom.invJ));
#endif
      }
      PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, 0, q, T, &fegeom, &coefficients[cOffset], PetscSafePointerPlusOffset(coefficients_t, cOffset), u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, 0, q, TAux, &fegeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) f0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, &f0[q * T[field]->Nc]);
      for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc; ++c) f0[q * T[field]->Nc + c] *= w;
      for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) f1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, &f1[q * T[field]->Nc * dE]);
      for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc; ++c)
        for (d = 0; d < dE; ++d) f1[(q * T[field]->Nc + c) * dE + d] *= w;
      if (debug) {
        // LCOV_EXCL_START
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT " wt %g x:", q, (double)quadWeights[q]));
        for (c = 0; c < dE; ++c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " %g", (double)fegeom.v[c]));
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
        if (debug > 2) {
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  field %" PetscInt_FMT ":", field));
          for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc; ++c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " %g", (double)PetscRealPart(u[uOff[field] + c])));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  field der %" PetscInt_FMT ":", field));
          for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc * dE; ++c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " %g", (double)PetscRealPart(u_x[uOff[field] + c])));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  resid %" PetscInt_FMT ":", field));
          for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc; ++c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " %g", (double)PetscRealPart(f0[q * T[field]->Nc + c])));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  res der %" PetscInt_FMT ":", field));
          for (c = 0; c < T[field]->Nc; ++c) {
            for (d = 0; d < dE; ++d) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " %g", (double)PetscRealPart(f1[(q * T[field]->Nc + c) * dE + d])));
          }
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
        }
        // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
      }
    }
    PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementVec_Internal(fe, T[field], 0, basisReal, basisDerReal, e, cgeom, f0, f1, &elemVec[cOffset + fOffset]));
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateBdResidual_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscWeakForm wf, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *fgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscScalar elemVec[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  const PetscInt     field = key.field;
  PetscFE            fe;
  PetscInt           n0, n1, i;
  PetscBdPointFn   **f0_func, **f1_func;
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  PetscTabulation   *Tf, *TfAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *f0, *f1, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt           dim, dimAux, numConstants, Nf, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, cOffset = 0, cOffsetAux = 0, fOffset, e, NcI;
  PetscBool          auxOnBd = PETSC_FALSE;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qdim, qNc, Nq, q, dE;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, field, (PetscObject *)&fe));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetFaceQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, field, &fOffset));
  PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdResidual(wf, key.label, key.value, key.field, key.part, &n0, &f0_func, &n1, &f1_func));
  if (!n0 && !n1) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, &f0, &f1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(ds, &Tf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, field, PETSC_DETERMINE));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetSpatialDimension(dsAux, &dimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    auxOnBd = dimAux < dim ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
    if (auxOnBd) PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    else PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    PetscCheck(Tf[0]->Np == TfAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", Tf[0]->Np, TfAux[0]->Np);
  }
  NcI = Tf[field]->Nc;
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, &qdim, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  dE = fgeom->dimEmbed;
  /* TODO FIX THIS */
  fgeom->dim = dim - 1;
  PetscCheck(fgeom->dim == qdim, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP, "FEGeom dim %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " quadrature dim", fgeom->dim, qdim);
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom    fegeom, cgeom;
    const PetscInt face = fgeom->face[e][0];

    fegeom.v = x; /* Workspace */
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f0, Nq * NcI));
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f1, Nq * NcI * dE));
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c, d;

      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(fgeom, e, q, &quadPoints[q * fgeom->dim], &fegeom));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetCellPoint(fgeom, e, q, &cgeom));
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1) {
        if ((fgeom->isAffine && q == 0) || (!fgeom->isAffine)) {
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#if !defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
          PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dim, dim, fegeom.invJ));
          PetscCall(DMPrintCellVector(e, "n", dim, fegeom.n));
#endif
        }
      }
      PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, face, q, Tf, &cgeom, &coefficients[cOffset], PetscSafePointerPlusOffset(coefficients_t, cOffset), u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, auxOnBd ? 0 : face, q, TfAux, &cgeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) f0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, &f0[q * NcI]);
      for (c = 0; c < NcI; ++c) f0[q * NcI + c] *= w;
      for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) f1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, &f1[q * NcI * dE]);
      for (c = 0; c < NcI; ++c)
        for (d = 0; d < dE; ++d) f1[(q * NcI + c) * dE + d] *= w;
      if (debug) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  elem %" PetscInt_FMT " quad point %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", e, q));
        for (c = 0; c < NcI; ++c) {
          if (n0) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  f0[%" PetscInt_FMT "] %g\n", c, (double)PetscRealPart(f0[q * NcI + c])));
          if (n1) {
            for (d = 0; d < dim; ++d) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  f1[%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT "] %g", c, d, (double)PetscRealPart(f1[(q * NcI + c) * dim + d])));
            PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
          }
        }
      }
    }
    PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementVec_Internal(fe, Tf[field], face, basisReal, basisDerReal, e, fgeom, f0, f1, &elemVec[cOffset + fOffset]));
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*
  BdIntegral: Operates completely in the embedding dimension. The trick is to have special "face quadrature" so we only integrate over the face, but
              all transforms operate in the full space and are square.

  HybridIntegral: The discretization is lower dimensional. That means the transforms are non-square.
    1) DMPlexGetCellFields() retrieves from the hybrid cell, so it gets fields from both faces
    2) We need to assume that the orientation is 0 for both
    3) TODO We need to use a non-square Jacobian for the derivative maps, meaning the embedding dimension has to go to EvaluateFieldJets() and UpdateElementVec()
*/
PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateHybridResidual_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscDS dsIn, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt s, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *fgeom, PetscFEGeom *nbrgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscScalar elemVec[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  const PetscInt     field = key.field;
  PetscFE            fe;
  PetscWeakForm      wf;
  PetscInt           n0, n1, i;
  PetscBdPointFn   **f0_func, **f1_func;
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  DMPolytopeType     ct;
  PetscTabulation   *Tf, *TfIn, *TfAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *f0, *f1, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt           dim, dimAux, numConstants, Nf, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimIn, totDimAux = 0, cOffset = 0, cOffsetIn = 0, cOffsetAux = 0, fOffset, e, NcI, NcS;
  PetscBool          isCohesiveField, auxOnBd = PETSC_FALSE;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qdim, qNc, Nq, q, dE;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  /* Hybrid discretization is posed directly on faces */
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, field, (PetscObject *)&fe));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(fe, &dim));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(fe, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsIn, &totDimIn));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsetsCohesive(dsIn, 0, &uOff)); // Change 0 to s for one-sided offsets
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsetsCohesive(dsIn, s, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffsetCohesive(ds, field, &fOffset));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakForm(ds, &wf));
  PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdResidual(wf, key.label, key.value, key.field, key.part, &n0, &f0_func, &n1, &f1_func));
  if (!n0 && !n1) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, NULL, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, &f0, &f1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  /* NOTE This is a bulk tabulation because the DS is a face discretization */
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(ds, &Tf));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsIn, &TfIn));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, field, PETSC_DETERMINE));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetSpatialDimension(dsAux, &dimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    auxOnBd = dimAux == dim ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
    if (auxOnBd) PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    else PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsAux, &TfAux));
    PetscCheck(Tf[0]->Np == TfAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", Tf[0]->Np, TfAux[0]->Np);
  }
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetCohesive(ds, field, &isCohesiveField));
  NcI = Tf[field]->Nc;
  NcS = NcI;
  if (!isCohesiveField && s == 2) {
    // If we are integrating over a cohesive cell (s = 2) for a non-cohesive fields, we use both sides
    NcS *= 2;
  }
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, &qdim, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetCellType(quad, &ct));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  dE = fgeom->dimEmbed;
  PetscCheck(fgeom->dim == qdim, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP, "FEGeom dim %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " quadrature dim", fgeom->dim, qdim);
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    // In order for the face information to be correct, the support of endcap faces _must_ be correctly oriented
    PetscFEGeom    fegeom, fegeomN[2];
    const PetscInt face[2]  = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][0], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][2]};
    const PetscInt ornt[2]  = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][1], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][3]};
    const PetscInt cornt[2] = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][3], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][1]};

    fegeom.v = x; /* Workspace */
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f0, Nq * NcS));
    PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(f1, Nq * NcS * dE));
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscInt  qpt[2];
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c, d;

      PetscCall(PetscDSPermuteQuadPoint(ds, DMPolytopeTypeComposeOrientationInv(ct, cornt[0], ornt[0]), field, q, &qpt[0]));
      PetscCall(PetscDSPermuteQuadPoint(ds, DMPolytopeTypeComposeOrientationInv(ct, ornt[1], cornt[1]), field, q, &qpt[1]));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(fgeom, e * 2, q, &quadPoints[q * fgeom->dim], &fegeom));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(nbrgeom, e * 2, q, NULL, &fegeomN[0]));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(nbrgeom, e * 2 + 1, q, NULL, &fegeomN[1]));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1 && q < fgeom->numPoints) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#if !defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
        PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dim, dE, fegeom.invJ));
#endif
      }
      if (debug) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT " weight %g detJ %g\n", q, (double)quadWeights[q], (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
      /* TODO Is this cell or face quadrature, meaning should we use 'q' or 'face*Nq+q' */
      PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Hybrid_Internal(dsIn, Nf, 0, q, Tf, face, qpt, TfIn, &fegeom, fegeomN, &coefficients[cOffsetIn], PetscSafePointerPlusOffset(coefficients_t, cOffsetIn), u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, auxOnBd ? 0 : face[s], auxOnBd ? q : qpt[s], TfAux, &fegeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) f0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, &f0[q * NcS]);
      for (c = 0; c < NcS; ++c) f0[q * NcS + c] *= w;
      for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) f1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, &f1[q * NcS * dE]);
      for (c = 0; c < NcS; ++c)
        for (d = 0; d < dE; ++d) f1[(q * NcS + c) * dE + d] *= w;
      if (debug) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  elem %" PetscInt_FMT " quad point %" PetscInt_FMT " field %" PetscInt_FMT " side %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", e, q, field, s));
        for (PetscInt f = 0; f < Nf; ++f) {
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  Field %" PetscInt_FMT ":", f));
          for (PetscInt c = uOff[f]; c < uOff[f + 1]; ++c) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  %g", (double)PetscRealPart(u[c])));
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
        }
        for (c = 0; c < NcS; ++c) {
          if (n0) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  f0[%" PetscInt_FMT "] %g\n", c, (double)PetscRealPart(f0[q * NcS + c])));
          if (n1) {
            for (d = 0; d < dE; ++d) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  f1[%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT "] %g", c, d, (double)PetscRealPart(f1[(q * NcS + c) * dE + d])));
            PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
          }
        }
      }
    }
    if (isCohesiveField) {
      PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementVec_Internal(fe, Tf[field], 0, basisReal, basisDerReal, e, fgeom, f0, f1, &elemVec[cOffset + fOffset]));
    } else {
      PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementVec_Hybrid_Internal(fe, Tf[field], 0, s, basisReal, basisDerReal, fgeom, f0, f1, &elemVec[cOffset + fOffset]));
    }
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetIn += totDimIn;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateJacobian_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscFEJacobianType jtype, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *cgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscReal u_tshift, PetscScalar elemMat[])
{
  const PetscInt     debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  PetscFE            feI, feJ;
  PetscWeakForm      wf;
  PetscPointJacFn  **g0_func, **g1_func, **g2_func, **g3_func;
  PetscInt           n0, n1, n2, n3, i;
  PetscInt           cOffset    = 0; /* Offset into coefficients[] for element e */
  PetscInt           cOffsetAux = 0; /* Offset into coefficientsAux[] for element e */
  PetscInt           eOffset    = 0; /* Offset into elemMat[] for element e */
  PetscInt           offsetI    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldI */
  PetscInt           offsetJ    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldJ */
  PetscQuadrature    quad;
  PetscTabulation   *T, *TAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar       *g0 = NULL, *g1 = NULL, *g2 = NULL, *g3 = NULL, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal, *testReal, *testDerReal;
  const PetscScalar *constants;
  PetscReal         *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt          *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt           NcI = 0, NcJ = 0;
  PetscInt           dim, numConstants, Nf, fieldI, fieldJ, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, e;
  PetscInt           dE, Np;
  PetscBool          isAffine;
  const PetscReal   *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt           qNc, Nq, q;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  fieldI = key.field / Nf;
  fieldJ = key.field % Nf;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldI, (PetscObject *)&feI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldJ, (PetscObject *)&feJ));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(feI, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(feI, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakForm(ds, &wf));
  switch (jtype) {
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_DYN:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetDynamicJacobian(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_PRE:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetJacobianPreconditioner(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetJacobian(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  }
  if (!n0 && !n1 && !n2 && !n3) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, &testReal, &testDerReal));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, NULL, NULL, n0 ? &g0 : NULL, n1 ? &g1 : NULL, n2 ? &g2 : NULL, n3 ? &g3 : NULL));

  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(ds, &T));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, fieldI, &offsetI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, fieldJ, &offsetJ));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, fieldI, fieldJ));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
    PetscCheck(T[0]->Np == TAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", T[0]->Np, TAux[0]->Np);
  }
  NcI      = T[fieldI]->Nc;
  NcJ      = T[fieldJ]->Nc;
  Np       = cgeom->numPoints;
  dE       = cgeom->dimEmbed;
  isAffine = cgeom->isAffine;
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);

  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom fegeom;

    fegeom.dim      = cgeom->dim;
    fegeom.dimEmbed = cgeom->dimEmbed;
    if (isAffine) {
      fegeom.v    = x;
      fegeom.xi   = cgeom->xi;
      fegeom.J    = &cgeom->J[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.invJ = &cgeom->invJ[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.detJ = &cgeom->detJ[e * Np];
    }
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c;

      if (isAffine) {
        CoordinatesRefToReal(dE, dim, fegeom.xi, &cgeom->v[e * Np * dE], fegeom.J, &quadPoints[q * dim], x);
      } else {
        fegeom.v    = &cgeom->v[(e * Np + q) * dE];
        fegeom.J    = &cgeom->J[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.invJ = &cgeom->invJ[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.detJ = &cgeom->detJ[e * Np + q];
      }
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      if (debug) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT " weight %g detJ %g\n", q, (double)quadWeights[q], (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (coefficients) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, 0, q, T, &fegeom, &coefficients[cOffset], PetscSafePointerPlusOffset(coefficients_t, cOffset), u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, 0, q, TAux, &fegeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      if (n0) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g0, NcI * NcJ));
        for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) g0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, g0);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ; ++c) g0[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n1) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g1, NcI * NcJ * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) g1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, g1);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dE; ++c) g1[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n2) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g2, NcI * NcJ * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n2; ++i) g2_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, g2);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dE; ++c) g2[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n3) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g3, NcI * NcJ * dE * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n3; ++i) g3_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, numConstants, constants, g3);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dE * dE; ++c) g3[c] *= w;
      }

      PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Internal(feI, feJ, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat + eOffset));
    }
    if (debug > 1) {
      PetscInt f, g;

      PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "Element matrix for fields %" PetscInt_FMT " and %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", fieldI, fieldJ));
      for (f = 0; f < T[fieldI]->Nb; ++f) {
        const PetscInt i = offsetI + f;
        for (g = 0; g < T[fieldJ]->Nb; ++g) {
          const PetscInt j = offsetJ + g;
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    elemMat[%" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "]: %g\n", f, g, (double)PetscRealPart(elemMat[eOffset + i * totDim + j])));
        }
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
      }
    }
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
    eOffset += PetscSqr(totDim);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateBdJacobian_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscWeakForm wf, PetscFEJacobianType jtype, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *fgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscReal u_tshift, PetscScalar elemMat[])
{
  const PetscInt      debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  PetscFE             feI, feJ;
  PetscBdPointJacFn **g0_func, **g1_func, **g2_func, **g3_func;
  PetscInt            n0, n1, n2, n3, i;
  PetscInt            cOffset    = 0; /* Offset into coefficients[] for element e */
  PetscInt            cOffsetAux = 0; /* Offset into coefficientsAux[] for element e */
  PetscInt            eOffset    = 0; /* Offset into elemMat[] for element e */
  PetscInt            offsetI    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldI */
  PetscInt            offsetJ    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldJ */
  PetscQuadrature     quad;
  PetscTabulation    *T, *TAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar        *g0, *g1, *g2, *g3, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal, *testReal, *testDerReal;
  const PetscScalar  *constants;
  PetscReal          *x, cellScale;
  PetscInt           *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt            NcI = 0, NcJ = 0;
  PetscInt            dim, numConstants, Nf, fieldI, fieldJ, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, e;
  PetscBool           isAffine;
  const PetscReal    *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt            qNc, Nq, q, Np, dE;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  fieldI = key.field / Nf;
  fieldJ = key.field % Nf;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldI, (PetscObject *)&feI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldJ, (PetscObject *)&feJ));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(feI, &dim));
  cellScale = (PetscReal)PetscPowInt(2, dim);
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetFaceQuadrature(feI, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(ds, &uOff));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(ds, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, fieldI, &offsetI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffset(ds, fieldJ, &offsetJ));
  switch (jtype) {
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_PRE:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdJacobianPreconditioner(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdJacobian(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_DYN:
    SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_DYN is not supported for PetscFEIntegrateBdJacobian()");
  }
  if (!n0 && !n1 && !n2 && !n3) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, &testReal, &testDerReal));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, NULL, NULL, &g0, &g1, &g2, &g3));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(ds, &T));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, fieldI, fieldJ));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
  }
  NcI = T[fieldI]->Nc, NcJ = T[fieldJ]->Nc;
  Np       = fgeom->numPoints;
  dE       = fgeom->dimEmbed;
  isAffine = fgeom->isAffine;
  /* Initialize here in case the function is not defined */
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g0, NcI * NcJ));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g1, NcI * NcJ * dE));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g2, NcI * NcJ * dE));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g3, NcI * NcJ * dE * dE));
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom    fegeom, cgeom;
    const PetscInt face = fgeom->face[e][0];
    fegeom.n            = NULL;
    fegeom.v            = NULL;
    fegeom.J            = NULL;
    fegeom.detJ         = NULL;
    fegeom.dim          = fgeom->dim;
    fegeom.dimEmbed     = fgeom->dimEmbed;
    cgeom.dim           = fgeom->dim;
    cgeom.dimEmbed      = fgeom->dimEmbed;
    if (isAffine) {
      fegeom.v    = x;
      fegeom.xi   = fgeom->xi;
      fegeom.J    = &fgeom->J[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.invJ = &fgeom->invJ[e * Np * dE * dE];
      fegeom.detJ = &fgeom->detJ[e * Np];
      fegeom.n    = &fgeom->n[e * Np * dE];

      cgeom.J    = &fgeom->suppJ[0][e * Np * dE * dE];
      cgeom.invJ = &fgeom->suppInvJ[0][e * Np * dE * dE];
      cgeom.detJ = &fgeom->suppDetJ[0][e * Np];
    }
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c;

      if (debug) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", q));
      if (isAffine) {
        CoordinatesRefToReal(dE, dim - 1, fegeom.xi, &fgeom->v[e * Np * dE], fegeom.J, &quadPoints[q * (dim - 1)], x);
      } else {
        fegeom.v    = &fgeom->v[(e * Np + q) * dE];
        fegeom.J    = &fgeom->J[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.invJ = &fgeom->invJ[(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        fegeom.detJ = &fgeom->detJ[e * Np + q];
        fegeom.n    = &fgeom->n[(e * Np + q) * dE];

        cgeom.J    = &fgeom->suppJ[0][(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        cgeom.invJ = &fgeom->suppInvJ[0][(e * Np + q) * dE * dE];
        cgeom.detJ = &fgeom->suppDetJ[0][e * Np + q];
      }
      PetscCall(PetscDSSetCellParameters(ds, fegeom.detJ[0] * cellScale));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (coefficients) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(ds, Nf, face, q, T, &cgeom, &coefficients[cOffset], &coefficients_t[cOffset], u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, face, q, TAux, &cgeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      if (n0) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g0, NcI * NcJ));
        for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) g0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g0);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ; ++c) g0[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n1) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g1, NcI * NcJ * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) g1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g1);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dim; ++c) g1[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n2) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g2, NcI * NcJ * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n2; ++i) g2_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g2);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dim; ++c) g2[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n3) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g3, NcI * NcJ * dE * dE));
        for (i = 0; i < n3; ++i) g3_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g3);
        for (c = 0; c < NcI * NcJ * dim * dim; ++c) g3[c] *= w;
      }

      PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Internal(feI, feJ, face, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &cgeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat + eOffset));
    }
    if (debug > 1) {
      PetscInt fc, f, gc, g;

      PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "Element matrix for fields %" PetscInt_FMT " and %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", fieldI, fieldJ));
      for (fc = 0; fc < T[fieldI]->Nc; ++fc) {
        for (f = 0; f < T[fieldI]->Nb; ++f) {
          const PetscInt i = offsetI + f * T[fieldI]->Nc + fc;
          for (gc = 0; gc < T[fieldJ]->Nc; ++gc) {
            for (g = 0; g < T[fieldJ]->Nb; ++g) {
              const PetscInt j = offsetJ + g * T[fieldJ]->Nc + gc;
              PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    elemMat[%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT "]: %g\n", f, fc, g, gc, (double)PetscRealPart(elemMat[eOffset + i * totDim + j])));
            }
          }
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
        }
      }
    }
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
    eOffset += PetscSqr(totDim);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFEIntegrateHybridJacobian_Basic(PetscDS ds, PetscDS dsIn, PetscFEJacobianType jtype, PetscFormKey key, PetscInt s, PetscInt Ne, PetscFEGeom *fgeom, PetscFEGeom *nbrgeom, const PetscScalar coefficients[], const PetscScalar coefficients_t[], PetscDS dsAux, const PetscScalar coefficientsAux[], PetscReal t, PetscReal u_tshift, PetscScalar elemMat[])
{
  const PetscInt      debug = ds->printIntegrate;
  PetscFE             feI, feJ;
  PetscWeakForm       wf;
  PetscBdPointJacFn **g0_func, **g1_func, **g2_func, **g3_func;
  PetscInt            n0, n1, n2, n3, i;
  PetscInt            cOffset    = 0; /* Offset into coefficients[] for element e */
  PetscInt            cOffsetAux = 0; /* Offset into coefficientsAux[] for element e */
  PetscInt            eOffset    = 0; /* Offset into elemMat[] for element e */
  PetscInt            offsetI    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldI */
  PetscInt            offsetJ    = 0; /* Offset into an element vector for fieldJ */
  PetscQuadrature     quad;
  DMPolytopeType      ct;
  PetscTabulation    *T, *TfIn, *TAux = NULL;
  PetscScalar        *g0, *g1, *g2, *g3, *u, *u_t = NULL, *u_x, *a, *a_x, *basisReal, *basisDerReal, *testReal, *testDerReal;
  const PetscScalar  *constants;
  PetscReal          *x;
  PetscInt           *uOff, *uOff_x, *aOff = NULL, *aOff_x = NULL;
  PetscInt            NcI = 0, NcJ = 0, NcS, NcT;
  PetscInt            dim, dimAux, numConstants, Nf, fieldI, fieldJ, NfAux = 0, totDim, totDimAux = 0, e;
  PetscBool           isCohesiveFieldI, isCohesiveFieldJ, auxOnBd = PETSC_FALSE;
  const PetscReal    *quadPoints, *quadWeights;
  PetscInt            qNc, Nq, q, dE;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(ds, &Nf));
  fieldI = key.field / Nf;
  fieldJ = key.field % Nf;
  /* Hybrid discretization is posed directly on faces */
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldI, (PetscObject *)&feI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds, fieldJ, (PetscObject *)&feJ));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetSpatialDimension(feI, &dim));
  PetscCall(PetscFEGetQuadrature(feI, &quad));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(ds, &totDim));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsetsCohesive(ds, 0, &uOff)); // Change 0 to s for one-sided offsets
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsetsCohesive(ds, s, &uOff_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakForm(ds, &wf));
  switch (jtype) {
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_PRE:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdJacobianPreconditioner(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN:
    PetscCall(PetscWeakFormGetBdJacobian(wf, key.label, key.value, fieldI, fieldJ, key.part, &n0, &g0_func, &n1, &g1_func, &n2, &g2_func, &n3, &g3_func));
    break;
  case PETSCFE_JACOBIAN_DYN:
    SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "No boundary hybrid Jacobians :)");
  }
  if (!n0 && !n1 && !n2 && !n3) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(ds, &u, coefficients_t ? &u_t : NULL, &u_x));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWorkspace(ds, &x, &basisReal, &basisDerReal, &testReal, &testDerReal));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetWeakFormArrays(ds, NULL, NULL, &g0, &g1, &g2, &g3));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(ds, &T));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsIn, &TfIn));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffsetCohesive(ds, fieldI, &offsetI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetFieldOffsetCohesive(ds, fieldJ, &offsetJ));
  PetscCall(PetscDSSetIntegrationParameters(ds, fieldI, fieldJ));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetConstants(ds, &numConstants, &constants));
  if (dsAux) {
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetSpatialDimension(dsAux, &dimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetNumFields(dsAux, &NfAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetTotalDimension(dsAux, &totDimAux));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentOffsets(dsAux, &aOff));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetComponentDerivativeOffsets(dsAux, &aOff_x));
    PetscCall(PetscDSGetEvaluationArrays(dsAux, &a, NULL, &a_x));
    auxOnBd = dimAux == dim ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
    if (auxOnBd) PetscCall(PetscDSGetTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
    else PetscCall(PetscDSGetFaceTabulation(dsAux, &TAux));
    PetscCheck(T[0]->Np == TAux[0]->Np, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Number of tabulation points %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT " number of auxiliary tabulation points", T[0]->Np, TAux[0]->Np);
  }
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetCohesive(ds, fieldI, &isCohesiveFieldI));
  PetscCall(PetscDSGetCohesive(ds, fieldJ, &isCohesiveFieldJ));
  dE  = fgeom->dimEmbed;
  NcI = T[fieldI]->Nc;
  NcJ = T[fieldJ]->Nc;
  NcS = isCohesiveFieldI ? NcI : 2 * NcI;
  NcT = isCohesiveFieldJ ? NcJ : 2 * NcJ;
  if (!isCohesiveFieldI && s == 2) {
    // If we are integrating over a cohesive cell (s = 2) for a non-cohesive fields, we use both sides
    NcS *= 2;
  }
  if (!isCohesiveFieldJ && s == 2) {
    // If we are integrating over a cohesive cell (s = 2) for a non-cohesive fields, we use both sides
    NcT *= 2;
  }
  // The derivatives are constrained to be along the cell, so there are dim, not dE, components, even though
  // the coordinates are in dE dimensions
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g0, NcS * NcT));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g1, NcS * NcT * dim));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g2, NcS * NcT * dim));
  PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g3, NcS * NcT * dim * dim));
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, &qNc, &Nq, &quadPoints, &quadWeights));
  PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetCellType(quad, &ct));
  PetscCheck(qNc == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Only supports scalar quadrature, not %" PetscInt_FMT " components", qNc);
  for (e = 0; e < Ne; ++e) {
    PetscFEGeom    fegeom, fegeomN[2];
    const PetscInt face[2]  = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][0], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][2]};
    const PetscInt ornt[2]  = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][1], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][3]};
    const PetscInt cornt[2] = {fgeom->face[e * 2 + 0][3], fgeom->face[e * 2 + 1][1]};

    fegeom.v = x; /* Workspace */
    for (q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
      PetscInt  qpt[2];
      PetscReal w;
      PetscInt  c;

      PetscCall(PetscDSPermuteQuadPoint(ds, DMPolytopeTypeComposeOrientationInv(ct, cornt[0], ornt[0]), fieldI, q, &qpt[0]));
      PetscCall(PetscDSPermuteQuadPoint(ds, DMPolytopeTypeComposeOrientationInv(ct, ornt[1], cornt[1]), fieldI, q, &qpt[1]));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(fgeom, e * 2, q, &quadPoints[q * fgeom->dim], &fegeom));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(nbrgeom, e * 2, q, NULL, &fegeomN[0]));
      PetscCall(PetscFEGeomGetPoint(nbrgeom, e * 2 + 1, q, NULL, &fegeomN[1]));
      w = fegeom.detJ[0] * quadWeights[q];
      if (debug > 1 && q < fgeom->numPoints) {
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  detJ: %g\n", (double)fegeom.detJ[0]));
#if !defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
        PetscCall(DMPrintCellMatrix(e, "invJ", dim, dim, fegeom.invJ));
#endif
      }
      if (debug) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "  quad point %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", q));
      if (coefficients) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Hybrid_Internal(dsIn, Nf, 0, q, T, face, qpt, TfIn, &fegeom, fegeomN, &coefficients[cOffset], PetscSafePointerPlusOffset(coefficients_t, cOffset), u, u_x, u_t));
      if (dsAux) PetscCall(PetscFEEvaluateFieldJets_Internal(dsAux, NfAux, auxOnBd ? 0 : face[s], auxOnBd ? q : qpt[s], TAux, &fegeom, &coefficientsAux[cOffsetAux], NULL, a, a_x, NULL));
      if (n0) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g0, NcS * NcT));
        for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) g0_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g0);
        for (c = 0; c < NcS * NcT; ++c) g0[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n1) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g1, NcS * NcT * dim));
        for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i) g1_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g1);
        for (c = 0; c < NcS * NcT * dim; ++c) g1[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n2) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g2, NcS * NcT * dim));
        for (i = 0; i < n2; ++i) g2_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g2);
        for (c = 0; c < NcS * NcT * dim; ++c) g2[c] *= w;
      }
      if (n3) {
        PetscCall(PetscArrayzero(g3, NcS * NcT * dim * dim));
        for (i = 0; i < n3; ++i) g3_func[i](dE, Nf, NfAux, uOff, uOff_x, u, u_t, u_x, aOff, aOff_x, a, NULL, a_x, t, u_tshift, fegeom.v, fegeom.n, numConstants, constants, g3);
        for (c = 0; c < NcS * NcT * dim * dim; ++c) g3[c] *= w;
      }

      if (isCohesiveFieldI) {
        if (isCohesiveFieldJ) {
          //PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Internal(feI, feJ, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat + eOffset));
          PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 0, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
        } else {
          PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 0, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
          PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 1, 1, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, &g0[NcI * NcJ], &g1[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g2[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g3[NcI * NcJ * dim * dim], eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
        }
      } else {
        if (s == 2) {
          if (isCohesiveFieldJ) {
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 0, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 1, 1, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, &g0[NcI * NcJ], &g1[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g2[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g3[NcI * NcJ * dim * dim], eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
          } else {
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 0, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 0, 1, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, &g0[NcI * NcJ], &g1[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g2[NcI * NcJ * dim], &g3[NcI * NcJ * dim * dim], eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 1, 0, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, &g0[NcI * NcJ * 2], &g1[NcI * NcJ * dim * 2], &g2[NcI * NcJ * dim * 2], &g3[NcI * NcJ * dim * dim * 2], eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
            PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, 1, 1, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, &g0[NcI * NcJ * 3], &g1[NcI * NcJ * dim * 3], &g2[NcI * NcJ * dim * 3], &g3[NcI * NcJ * dim * dim * 3], eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
          }
        } else
          PetscCall(PetscFEUpdateElementMat_Hybrid_Internal(feI, isCohesiveFieldI, feJ, isCohesiveFieldJ, 0, s, s, q, T[fieldI], basisReal, basisDerReal, T[fieldJ], testReal, testDerReal, &fegeom, g0, g1, g2, g3, eOffset, totDim, offsetI, offsetJ, elemMat));
      }
    }
    if (debug > 1) {
      const PetscInt fS = 0 + (isCohesiveFieldI ? 0 : (s == 2 ? 0 : s * T[fieldI]->Nb));
      const PetscInt fE = T[fieldI]->Nb + (isCohesiveFieldI ? 0 : (s == 2 ? T[fieldI]->Nb : s * T[fieldI]->Nb));
      const PetscInt gS = 0 + (isCohesiveFieldJ ? 0 : (s == 2 ? 0 : s * T[fieldJ]->Nb));
      const PetscInt gE = T[fieldJ]->Nb + (isCohesiveFieldJ ? 0 : (s == 2 ? T[fieldJ]->Nb : s * T[fieldJ]->Nb));
      PetscInt       f, g;

      PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "Element matrix for fields %" PetscInt_FMT " and %" PetscInt_FMT " s %s totDim %" PetscInt_FMT " offsets (%" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ")\n", fieldI, fieldJ, s ? (s > 1 ? "Coh" : "Pos") : "Neg", totDim, eOffset, offsetI, offsetJ));
      for (f = fS; f < fE; ++f) {
        const PetscInt i = offsetI + f;
        for (g = gS; g < gE; ++g) {
          const PetscInt j = offsetJ + g;
          PetscCheck(i < totDim && j < totDim, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "Fuck up %" PetscInt_FMT " %" PetscInt_FMT " %" PetscInt_FMT " %" PetscInt_FMT, f, i, g, j);
          PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "    elemMat[%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT ",%" PetscInt_FMT "]: %g\n", f / NcI, f % NcI, g / NcJ, g % NcJ, (double)PetscRealPart(elemMat[eOffset + i * totDim + j])));
        }
        PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "\n"));
      }
    }
    cOffset += totDim;
    cOffsetAux += totDimAux;
    eOffset += PetscSqr(totDim);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode PetscFEInitialize_Basic(PetscFE fem)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  fem->ops->setfromoptions          = NULL;
  fem->ops->setup                   = PetscFESetUp_Basic;
  fem->ops->view                    = PetscFEView_Basic;
  fem->ops->destroy                 = PetscFEDestroy_Basic;
  fem->ops->getdimension            = PetscFEGetDimension_Basic;
  fem->ops->computetabulation       = PetscFEComputeTabulation_Basic;
  fem->ops->integrate               = PetscFEIntegrate_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratebd             = PetscFEIntegrateBd_Basic;
  fem->ops->integrateresidual       = PetscFEIntegrateResidual_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratebdresidual     = PetscFEIntegrateBdResidual_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratehybridresidual = PetscFEIntegrateHybridResidual_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratejacobianaction = NULL /* PetscFEIntegrateJacobianAction_Basic */;
  fem->ops->integratejacobian       = PetscFEIntegrateJacobian_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratebdjacobian     = PetscFEIntegrateBdJacobian_Basic;
  fem->ops->integratehybridjacobian = PetscFEIntegrateHybridJacobian_Basic;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*MC
  PETSCFEBASIC = "basic" - A `PetscFE` object that integrates with basic tiling and no vectorization

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: `PetscFE`, `PetscFEType`, `PetscFECreate()`, `PetscFESetType()`
M*/

PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscFECreate_Basic(PetscFE fem)
{
  PetscFE_Basic *b;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(fem, PETSCFE_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscCall(PetscNew(&b));
  fem->data = b;

  PetscCall(PetscFEInitialize_Basic(fem));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}