xref: /petsc/src/mat/tests/ex2.c (revision c4762a1b19cd2af06abeed90e8f9d34fb975dd94)
1*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
2*c4762a1bSJed Brown static char help[] = "Tests MatTranspose(), MatNorm(), MatAXPY() and MatAYPX().\n\n";
3*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
4*c4762a1bSJed Brown #include <petscmat.h>
5*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
6*c4762a1bSJed Brown static PetscErrorCode TransposeAXPY(Mat C,PetscScalar alpha,Mat mat,PetscErrorCode (*f)(Mat,Mat*))
7*c4762a1bSJed Brown {
8*c4762a1bSJed Brown   Mat            D,E,F,G;
9*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscErrorCode ierr;
10*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
11*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscFunctionBegin;
12*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (f == MatCreateTranspose) {
13*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  (C^T)^T = (C^T)^T + alpha * A, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
14*c4762a1bSJed Brown   } else {
15*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  (C^H)^H = (C^H)^H + alpha * A, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
16*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
17*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDuplicate(mat,MAT_COPY_VALUES,&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
18*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(C,&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
19*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(D,&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
20*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatAXPY(E,alpha,mat,SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
21*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatView(C,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
22*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
23*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
24*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
25*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (f == MatCreateTranspose) {
26*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  C = C + alpha * (A^T)^T, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
27*c4762a1bSJed Brown   } else {
28*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  C = C + alpha * (A^H)^H, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
29*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
30*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDuplicate(mat,MAT_COPY_VALUES,&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
31*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* MATTRANSPOSE should have a MatTranspose_Transpose or MatTranspose_HT implementation */
32*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (f == MatCreateTranspose) {
33*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatTranspose(mat,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
34*c4762a1bSJed Brown   } else {
35*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatHermitianTranspose(mat,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
36*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
37*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(D,&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
38*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatAXPY(C,alpha,E,SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
39*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatView(C,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
40*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
41*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
42*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
43*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (f == MatCreateTranspose) {
44*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  (C^T)^T = (C^T)^T + alpha * (A^T)^T, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
45*c4762a1bSJed Brown   } else {
46*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  (C^H)^H = (C^H)^H + alpha * (A^H)^H, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
47*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
48*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDuplicate(mat,MAT_COPY_VALUES,&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
49*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(C,&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
50*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(D,&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
51*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(mat,&F);CHKERRQ(ierr);
52*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = f(F,&G);CHKERRQ(ierr);
53*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatAXPY(E,alpha,G,SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
54*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatView(C,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
55*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&G);CHKERRQ(ierr);
56*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&F);CHKERRQ(ierr);
57*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&E);CHKERRQ(ierr);
58*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
59*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr  = MatDestroy(&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
60*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
61*c4762a1bSJed Brown }
62*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
63*c4762a1bSJed Brown int main(int argc,char **argv)
64*c4762a1bSJed Brown {
65*c4762a1bSJed Brown   Mat            mat,tmat = 0;
66*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscInt       m = 7,n,i,j,rstart,rend,rect = 0;
67*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscErrorCode ierr;
68*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscMPIInt    size,rank;
69*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscBool      flg;
70*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscScalar    v, alpha;
71*c4762a1bSJed Brown   PetscReal      normf,normi,norm1;
72*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
73*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscInitialize(&argc,&argv,(char*)0,help);if (ierr) return ierr;
74*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscViewerPushFormat(PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD,PETSC_VIEWER_ASCII_COMMON);CHKERRQ(ierr);
75*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL,"-m",&m,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
76*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
77*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
78*c4762a1bSJed Brown   n    = m;
79*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-rectA",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
80*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (flg) {n += 2; rect = 1;}
81*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-rectB",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
82*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (flg) {n -= 2; rect = 1;}
83*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
84*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* ------- Assemble matrix, test MatValid() --------- */
85*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
86*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatSetSizes(mat,PETSC_DECIDE,PETSC_DECIDE,m,n);CHKERRQ(ierr);
87*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatSetFromOptions(mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
88*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatSetUp(mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
89*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatGetOwnershipRange(mat,&rstart,&rend);CHKERRQ(ierr);
90*c4762a1bSJed Brown   for (i=rstart; i<rend; i++) {
91*c4762a1bSJed Brown     for (j=0; j<n; j++) {
92*c4762a1bSJed Brown       v    = 10.0*i+j;
93*c4762a1bSJed Brown       ierr = MatSetValues(mat,1,&i,1,&j,&v,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
94*c4762a1bSJed Brown     }
95*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
96*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(mat,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
97*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(mat,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
98*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
99*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* ----------------- Test MatNorm()  ----------------- */
100*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(mat,NORM_FROBENIUS,&normf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
101*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(mat,NORM_1,&norm1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
102*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(mat,NORM_INFINITY,&normi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
103*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"original A: Frobenious norm = %g, one norm = %g, infinity norm = %g\n",(double)normf,(double)norm1,(double)normi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
104*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatView(mat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
105*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
106*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* --------------- Test MatTranspose()  -------------- */
107*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-in_place",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
108*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (!rect && flg) {
109*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatTranspose(mat,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);   /* in-place transpose */
110*c4762a1bSJed Brown     tmat = mat; mat = 0;
111*c4762a1bSJed Brown   } else {      /* out-of-place transpose */
112*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatTranspose(mat,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&tmat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
113*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
114*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
115*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* ----------------- Test MatNorm()  ----------------- */
116*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* Print info about transpose matrix */
117*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(tmat,NORM_FROBENIUS,&normf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
118*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(tmat,NORM_1,&norm1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
119*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatNorm(tmat,NORM_INFINITY,&normi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
120*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"B = A^T: Frobenious norm = %g, one norm = %g, infinity norm = %g\n",(double)normf,(double)norm1,(double)normi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
121*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatView(tmat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
122*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
123*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* ----------------- Test MatAXPY(), MatAYPX()  ----------------- */
124*c4762a1bSJed Brown   if (mat && !rect) {
125*c4762a1bSJed Brown     alpha = 1.0;
126*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = PetscOptionsGetScalar(NULL,NULL,"-alpha",&alpha,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
127*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  B = B + alpha * A\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
128*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatAXPY(tmat,alpha,mat,DIFFERENT_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
129*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatView(tmat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
130*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
131*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAYPX:  B = alpha*B + A\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
132*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatAYPX(tmat,alpha,mat,DIFFERENT_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
133*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatView(tmat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
134*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
135*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
136*c4762a1bSJed Brown   {
137*c4762a1bSJed Brown     Mat C;
138*c4762a1bSJed Brown     alpha = 1.0;
139*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  C = C + alpha * A, C=A, SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
140*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatDuplicate(mat,MAT_COPY_VALUES,&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
141*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatAXPY(C,alpha,mat,SAME_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
142*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatView(C,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
143*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = MatDestroy(&C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
144*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = TransposeAXPY(C,alpha,mat,MatCreateTranspose);CHKERRQ(ierr);
145*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr  = TransposeAXPY(C,alpha,mat,MatCreateHermitianTranspose);CHKERRQ(ierr);
146*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
147*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
148*c4762a1bSJed Brown   {
149*c4762a1bSJed Brown     Mat matB;
150*c4762a1bSJed Brown     /* get matB that has nonzeros of mat in all even numbers of row and col */
151*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&matB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
152*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatSetSizes(matB,PETSC_DECIDE,PETSC_DECIDE,m,n);CHKERRQ(ierr);
153*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatSetFromOptions(matB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
154*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatSetUp(matB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
155*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatGetOwnershipRange(matB,&rstart,&rend);CHKERRQ(ierr);
156*c4762a1bSJed Brown     if (rstart % 2 != 0) rstart++;
157*c4762a1bSJed Brown     for (i=rstart; i<rend; i += 2) {
158*c4762a1bSJed Brown       for (j=0; j<n; j += 2) {
159*c4762a1bSJed Brown         v    = 10.0*i+j;
160*c4762a1bSJed Brown         ierr = MatSetValues(matB,1,&i,1,&j,&v,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
161*c4762a1bSJed Brown       }
162*c4762a1bSJed Brown     }
163*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(matB,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
164*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(matB,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
165*c4762a1bSJed Brown     PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD," A: original matrix:\n");
166*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatView(mat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
167*c4762a1bSJed Brown     PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD," B(a subset of A):\n");
168*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatView(matB,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
169*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"MatAXPY:  B = B + alpha * A, SUBSET_NONZERO_PATTERN\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
170*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatAXPY(mat,alpha,matB,SUBSET_NONZERO_PATTERN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
171*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatView(mat,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
172*c4762a1bSJed Brown     ierr = MatDestroy(&matB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
173*c4762a1bSJed Brown   }
174*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
175*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscViewerPopFormat(PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
176*c4762a1bSJed Brown   /* Free data structures */
177*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatDestroy(&mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
178*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = MatDestroy(&tmat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
179*c4762a1bSJed Brown   ierr = PetscFinalize();
180*c4762a1bSJed Brown   return ierr;
181*c4762a1bSJed Brown }
182*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
183*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
184*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
185*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
186*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
187*c4762a1bSJed Brown /*TEST
188*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
189*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
190*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 11_A
191*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqaij -rectA
192*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
193*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
194*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
195*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 12_A
196*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqdense -rectA
197*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
198*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
199*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
200*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 11_B
201*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqaij -rectB
202*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
203*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
204*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
205*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 12_B
206*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqdense -rectB
207*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
208*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
209*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
210*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 21
211*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaij
212*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
213*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
214*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 22
215*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpidense
216*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
217*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
218*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 23
219*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 3
220*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaij
221*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v type | grep -v "MPI processes"
222*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
223*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
224*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 24
225*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 3
226*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpidense
227*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
228*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
229*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 2_aijcusparse_1
230*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaijcusparse
231*c4762a1bSJed Brown       output_file: output/ex2_23.out
232*c4762a1bSJed Brown       requires: cuda
233*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v type | grep -v "MPI processes"
234*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
235*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
236*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 2_aijcusparse_2
237*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 3
238*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaijcusparse
239*c4762a1bSJed Brown       output_file: output/ex2_23.out
240*c4762a1bSJed Brown       requires: cuda
241*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v type | grep -v "MPI processes"
242*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
243*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
244*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 3
245*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 2
246*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaij -rectA
247*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
248*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
249*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 3_aijcusparse
250*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 2
251*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpiaijcusparse -rectA
252*c4762a1bSJed Brown       requires: cuda
253*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
254*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
255*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: 4
256*c4762a1bSJed Brown       nsize: 2
257*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type mpidense -rectA
258*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
259*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
260*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: aijcusparse_1
261*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqaijcusparse -rectA
262*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
263*c4762a1bSJed Brown       output_file: output/ex2_11_A_aijcusparse.out
264*c4762a1bSJed Brown       requires: cuda
265*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
266*c4762a1bSJed Brown    test:
267*c4762a1bSJed Brown       suffix: aijcusparse_2
268*c4762a1bSJed Brown       args: -mat_type seqaijcusparse -rectB
269*c4762a1bSJed Brown       filter: grep -v "Mat Object"
270*c4762a1bSJed Brown       output_file: output/ex2_11_B_aijcusparse.out
271*c4762a1bSJed Brown       requires: cuda
272*c4762a1bSJed Brown 
273*c4762a1bSJed Brown TEST*/
274