xref: /petsc/src/sys/objects/pinit.c (revision 7d812c462097388eabc015b418fbdd8c5d9ad1da)

/*
   This file defines the initialization of PETSc, including PetscInitialize()
*/
#include <petsc/private/petscimpl.h>        /*I  "petscsys.h"   I*/
#include <petscvalgrind.h>
#include <petscviewer.h>

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
extern PetscErrorCode PetscLogInitialize(void);
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_SERIALIZE_FUNCTIONS)
PetscFPT PetscFPTData = 0;
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)
cublasHandle_t cublasv2handle = NULL;
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SAWS)
#include <petscviewersaws.h>
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

extern FILE *petsc_history;

extern PetscErrorCode PetscInitialize_DynamicLibraries(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscFinalize_DynamicLibraries(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscFunctionListPrintAll(void);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscSequentialPhaseBegin_Private(MPI_Comm,int);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscSequentialPhaseEnd_Private(MPI_Comm,int);
extern PetscErrorCode PetscCloseHistoryFile(FILE**);

/* user may set this BEFORE calling PetscInitialize() */
MPI_Comm PETSC_COMM_WORLD = MPI_COMM_NULL;

PetscMPIInt Petsc_Counter_keyval   = MPI_KEYVAL_INVALID;
PetscMPIInt Petsc_InnerComm_keyval = MPI_KEYVAL_INVALID;
PetscMPIInt Petsc_OuterComm_keyval = MPI_KEYVAL_INVALID;

/*
     Declare and set all the string names of the PETSc enums
*/
const char *const PetscBools[]     = {"FALSE","TRUE","PetscBool","PETSC_",0};
const char *const PetscCopyModes[] = {"COPY_VALUES","OWN_POINTER","USE_POINTER","PetscCopyMode","PETSC_",0};
const char *const PetscDataTypes[] = {"INT","DOUBLE","COMPLEX","LONG","SHORT","FLOAT",
                                      "CHAR","LOGICAL","ENUM","BOOL","LONGDOUBLE","OBJECT","FUNCTION","PetscDataType","PETSC_",0};

PetscBool PetscPreLoadingUsed = PETSC_FALSE;
PetscBool PetscPreLoadingOn   = PETSC_FALSE;

PetscInt PetscHotRegionDepth;

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_THREADSAFETY)
PetscSpinlock PetscViewerASCIISpinLockOpen;
PetscSpinlock PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStdout;
PetscSpinlock PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStderr;
PetscSpinlock PetscCommSpinLock;
#endif

/*
       Checks the options database for initializations related to the
    PETSc components
*/
#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscOptionsCheckInitial_Components"
PetscErrorCode  PetscOptionsCheckInitial_Components(void)
{
  PetscBool      flg1;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-help",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
    MPI_Comm comm = PETSC_COMM_WORLD;
    ierr = (*PetscHelpPrintf)(comm,"------Additional PETSc component options--------\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = (*PetscHelpPrintf)(comm," -log_exclude: <vec,mat,pc.ksp,snes>\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = (*PetscHelpPrintf)(comm," -info_exclude: <null,vec,mat,pc,ksp,snes,ts>\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = (*PetscHelpPrintf)(comm,"-----------------------------------------------\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscInitializeNoPointers"
/*
      PetscInitializeNoPointers - Calls PetscInitialize() from C/C++ without the pointers to argc and args

   Collective

   Level: advanced

    Notes: this is called only by the PETSc MATLAB and Julia interface. Even though it might start MPI it sets the flag to
     indicate that it did NOT start MPI so that the PetscFinalize() does not end MPI, thus allowing PetscInitialize() to
     be called multiple times from MATLAB and Julia without the problem of trying to initialize MPI more than once.

     Turns off PETSc signal handling because that can interact with MATLAB's signal handling causing random crashes.

.seealso: PetscInitialize(), PetscInitializeFortran(), PetscInitializeNoArguments()
*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscInitializeNoPointers(int argc,char **args,const char *filename,const char *help)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  int            myargc   = argc;
  char           **myargs = args;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscInitialize(&myargc,&myargs,filename,help);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscPopSignalHandler();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscBeganMPI = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscFunctionReturn(ierr);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscGetPETSC_COMM_SELF"
/*
      Used by MATLAB and Julia interface to get communicator
*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscGetPETSC_COMM_SELF(MPI_Comm *comm)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  *comm = PETSC_COMM_SELF;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscInitializeNoArguments"
/*@C
      PetscInitializeNoArguments - Calls PetscInitialize() from C/C++ without
        the command line arguments.

   Collective

   Level: advanced

.seealso: PetscInitialize(), PetscInitializeFortran()
@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscInitializeNoArguments(void)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  int            argc   = 0;
  char           **args = 0;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscInitialize(&argc,&args,NULL,NULL);
  PetscFunctionReturn(ierr);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscInitialized"
/*@
      PetscInitialized - Determine whether PETSc is initialized.

   Level: beginner

.seealso: PetscInitialize(), PetscInitializeNoArguments(), PetscInitializeFortran()
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscInitialized(PetscBool  *isInitialized)
{
  *isInitialized = PetscInitializeCalled;
  return 0;
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscFinalized"
/*@
      PetscFinalized - Determine whether PetscFinalize() has been called yet

   Level: developer

.seealso: PetscInitialize(), PetscInitializeNoArguments(), PetscInitializeFortran()
@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscFinalized(PetscBool  *isFinalized)
{
  *isFinalized = PetscFinalizeCalled;
  return 0;
}

extern PetscErrorCode PetscOptionsCheckInitial_Private(void);

/*
       This function is the MPI reduction operation used to compute the sum of the
   first half of the datatype and the max of the second half.
*/
MPI_Op MPIU_MAXSUM_OP = 0;

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "MPIU_MaxSum_Local"
PETSC_INTERN void MPIAPI MPIU_MaxSum_Local(void *in,void *out,int *cnt,MPI_Datatype *datatype)
{
  PetscInt *xin = (PetscInt*)in,*xout = (PetscInt*)out,i,count = *cnt;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (*datatype != MPIU_2INT) {
    (*PetscErrorPrintf)("Can only handle MPIU_2INT data types");
    MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD,1);
  }

  for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
    xout[2*i]    = PetscMax(xout[2*i],xin[2*i]);
    xout[2*i+1] += xin[2*i+1];
  }
  PetscFunctionReturnVoid();
}

/*
    Returns the max of the first entry owned by this processor and the
sum of the second entry.

    The reason sizes[2*i] contains lengths sizes[2*i+1] contains flag of 1 if length is nonzero
is so that the MPIU_MAXSUM_OP() can set TWO values, if we passed in only sizes[i] with lengths
there would be no place to store the both needed results.
*/
#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscMaxSum"
PetscErrorCode  PetscMaxSum(MPI_Comm comm,const PetscInt sizes[],PetscInt *max,PetscInt *sum)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_REDUCE_SCATTER_BLOCK)
  {
    struct {PetscInt max,sum;} work;
    ierr = MPI_Reduce_scatter_block((void*)sizes,&work,1,MPIU_2INT,MPIU_MAXSUM_OP,comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    *max = work.max;
    *sum = work.sum;
  }
#else
  {
    PetscMPIInt    size,rank;
    struct {PetscInt max,sum;} *work;
    ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscMalloc1(size,&work);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = MPIU_Allreduce((void*)sizes,work,size,MPIU_2INT,MPIU_MAXSUM_OP,comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    *max = work[rank].max;
    *sum = work[rank].sum;
    ierr = PetscFree(work);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if (defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX) && !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)) || defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
MPI_Op MPIU_SUM = 0;

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscSum_Local"
PETSC_EXTERN void PetscSum_Local(void *in,void *out,PetscMPIInt *cnt,MPI_Datatype *datatype)
{
  PetscInt i,count = *cnt;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (*datatype == MPIU_REAL) {
    PetscReal *xin = (PetscReal*)in,*xout = (PetscReal*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) xout[i] += xin[i];
  }
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  else if (*datatype == MPIU_COMPLEX) {
    PetscComplex *xin = (PetscComplex*)in,*xout = (PetscComplex*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) xout[i] += xin[i];
  }
#endif
  else {
    (*PetscErrorPrintf)("Can only handle MPIU_REAL or MPIU_COMPLEX data types");
    MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD,1);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturnVoid();
}
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
MPI_Op MPIU_MAX = 0;
MPI_Op MPIU_MIN = 0;

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscMax_Local"
PETSC_EXTERN void PetscMax_Local(void *in,void *out,PetscMPIInt *cnt,MPI_Datatype *datatype)
{
  PetscInt i,count = *cnt;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (*datatype == MPIU_REAL) {
    PetscReal *xin = (PetscReal*)in,*xout = (PetscReal*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) xout[i] = PetscMax(xout[i],xin[i]);
  }
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  else if (*datatype == MPIU_COMPLEX) {
    PetscComplex *xin = (PetscComplex*)in,*xout = (PetscComplex*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
      xout[i] = PetscRealPartComplex(xout[i])<PetscRealPartComplex(xin[i]) ? xin[i] : xout[i];
    }
  }
#endif
  else {
    (*PetscErrorPrintf)("Can only handle MPIU_REAL or MPIU_COMPLEX data types");
    MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD,1);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturnVoid();
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscMin_Local"
PETSC_EXTERN void PetscMin_Local(void *in,void *out,PetscMPIInt *cnt,MPI_Datatype *datatype)
{
  PetscInt    i,count = *cnt;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (*datatype == MPIU_REAL) {
    PetscReal *xin = (PetscReal*)in,*xout = (PetscReal*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) xout[i] = PetscMin(xout[i],xin[i]);
  }
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  else if (*datatype == MPIU_COMPLEX) {
    PetscComplex *xin = (PetscComplex*)in,*xout = (PetscComplex*)out;
    for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
      xout[i] = PetscRealPartComplex(xout[i])>PetscRealPartComplex(xin[i]) ? xin[i] : xout[i];
    }
  }
#endif
  else {
    (*PetscErrorPrintf)("Can only handle MPIU_REAL or MPIU_SCALAR data (i.e. double or complex) types");
    MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD,1);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturnVoid();
}
#endif

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "Petsc_DelCounter"
/*
   Private routine to delete internal tag/name counter storage when a communicator is freed.

   This is called by MPI, not by users. This is called by MPI_Comm_free() when the communicator that has this  data as an attribute is freed.

   Note: this is declared extern "C" because it is passed to MPI_Keyval_create()

*/
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt MPIAPI Petsc_DelCounter(MPI_Comm comm,PetscMPIInt keyval,void *count_val,void *extra_state)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscInfo1(0,"Deleting counter data in an MPI_Comm %ld\n",(long)comm);if (ierr) PetscFunctionReturn((PetscMPIInt)ierr);
  ierr = PetscFree(count_val);if (ierr) PetscFunctionReturn((PetscMPIInt)ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(MPI_SUCCESS);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "Petsc_DelComm_Outer"
/*
  This is invoked on the outer comm as a result of either PetscCommDestroy() (via MPI_Attr_delete) or when the user
  calls MPI_Comm_free().

  This is the only entry point for breaking the links between inner and outer comms.

  This is called by MPI, not by users. This is called when MPI_Comm_free() is called on the communicator.

  Note: this is declared extern "C" because it is passed to MPI_Keyval_create()

*/
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt MPIAPI Petsc_DelComm_Outer(MPI_Comm comm,PetscMPIInt keyval,void *attr_val,void *extra_state)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  PetscMPIInt    flg;
  union {MPI_Comm comm; void *ptr;} icomm,ocomm;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (keyval != Petsc_InnerComm_keyval) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT,"Unexpected keyval");
  icomm.ptr = attr_val;

  ierr = MPI_Attr_get(icomm.comm,Petsc_OuterComm_keyval,&ocomm,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!flg) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT,"Inner MPI_Comm does not have expected reference to outer comm");
  if (ocomm.comm != comm) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT,"Inner MPI_Comm has reference to non-matching outer comm");
  ierr = MPI_Attr_delete(icomm.comm,Petsc_OuterComm_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Calls Petsc_DelComm_Inner */
  ierr = PetscInfo1(0,"User MPI_Comm %ld is being freed after removing reference from inner PETSc comm to this outer comm\n",(long)comm);if (ierr) PetscFunctionReturn((PetscMPIInt)ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(MPI_SUCCESS);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "Petsc_DelComm_Inner"
/*
 * This is invoked on the inner comm when Petsc_DelComm_Outer calls MPI_Attr_delete.  It should not be reached any other way.
 */
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt MPIAPI Petsc_DelComm_Inner(MPI_Comm comm,PetscMPIInt keyval,void *attr_val,void *extra_state)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscInfo1(0,"Removing reference to PETSc communicator embedded in a user MPI_Comm %ld\n",(long)comm);if (ierr) PetscFunctionReturn((PetscMPIInt)ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(MPI_SUCCESS);
}

#if defined(PETSC_USE_PETSC_MPI_EXTERNAL32)
#if !defined(PETSC_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt PetscDataRep_extent_fn(MPI_Datatype,MPI_Aint*,void*);
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt PetscDataRep_read_conv_fn(void*, MPI_Datatype,PetscMPIInt,void*,MPI_Offset,void*);
PETSC_EXTERN PetscMPIInt PetscDataRep_write_conv_fn(void*, MPI_Datatype,PetscMPIInt,void*,MPI_Offset,void*);
#endif
#endif

int  PetscGlobalArgc   = 0;
char **PetscGlobalArgs = 0;
PetscSegBuffer PetscCitationsList;

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscCitationsInitialize"
PetscErrorCode PetscCitationsInitialize()
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscSegBufferCreate(1,10000,&PetscCitationsList);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscCitationsRegister("@TechReport{petsc-user-ref,\n  Author = {Satish Balay and Shrirang Abhyankar and Mark F. Adams and Jed Brown and Peter Brune\n            and Kris Buschelman and Lisandro Dalcin and Victor Eijkhout and William D. Gropp\n            and Dinesh Kaushik and Matthew G. Knepley\n            and Lois Curfman McInnes and Karl Rupp and Barry F. Smith\n            and Stefano Zampini and Hong Zhang and Hong Zhang},\n  Title = {{PETS}c Users Manual},\n  Number = {ANL-95/11 - Revision 3.7},\n  Institution = {Argonne National Laboratory},\n  Year = {2016}\n}\n",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscCitationsRegister("@InProceedings{petsc-efficient,\n  Author = {Satish Balay and William D. Gropp and Lois Curfman McInnes and Barry F. Smith},\n  Title = {Efficient Management of Parallelism in Object Oriented Numerical Software Libraries},\n  Booktitle = {Modern Software Tools in Scientific Computing},\n  Editor = {E. Arge and A. M. Bruaset and H. P. Langtangen},\n  Pages = {163--202},\n  Publisher = {Birkh{\\\"{a}}user Press},\n  Year = {1997}\n}\n",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscGetArgs"
/*@C
   PetscGetArgs - Allows you to access the raw command line arguments anywhere
     after PetscInitialize() is called but before PetscFinalize().

   Not Collective

   Output Parameters:
+  argc - count of number of command line arguments
-  args - the command line arguments

   Level: intermediate

   Notes:
      This is usually used to pass the command line arguments into other libraries
   that are called internally deep in PETSc or the application.

      The first argument contains the program name as is normal for C arguments.

   Concepts: command line arguments

.seealso: PetscFinalize(), PetscInitializeFortran(), PetscGetArguments()

@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscGetArgs(int *argc,char ***args)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!PetscInitializeCalled && PetscFinalizeCalled) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ORDER,"You must call after PetscInitialize() but before PetscFinalize()");
  *argc = PetscGlobalArgc;
  *args = PetscGlobalArgs;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscGetArguments"
/*@C
   PetscGetArguments - Allows you to access the  command line arguments anywhere
     after PetscInitialize() is called but before PetscFinalize().

   Not Collective

   Output Parameters:
.  args - the command line arguments

   Level: intermediate

   Notes:
      This does NOT start with the program name and IS null terminated (final arg is void)

   Concepts: command line arguments

.seealso: PetscFinalize(), PetscInitializeFortran(), PetscGetArgs(), PetscFreeArguments()

@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscGetArguments(char ***args)
{
  PetscInt       i,argc = PetscGlobalArgc;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!PetscInitializeCalled && PetscFinalizeCalled) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ORDER,"You must call after PetscInitialize() but before PetscFinalize()");
  if (!argc) {*args = 0; PetscFunctionReturn(0);}
  ierr = PetscMalloc1(argc,args);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (i=0; i<argc-1; i++) {
    ierr = PetscStrallocpy(PetscGlobalArgs[i+1],&(*args)[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  (*args)[argc-1] = 0;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscFreeArguments"
/*@C
   PetscFreeArguments - Frees the memory obtained with PetscGetArguments()

   Not Collective

   Output Parameters:
.  args - the command line arguments

   Level: intermediate

   Concepts: command line arguments

.seealso: PetscFinalize(), PetscInitializeFortran(), PetscGetArgs(), PetscGetArguments()

@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscFreeArguments(char **args)
{
  PetscInt       i = 0;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!args) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
  while (args[i]) {
    ierr = PetscFree(args[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    i++;
  }
  ierr = PetscFree(args);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SAWS)
#include <petscconfiginfo.h>

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscInitializeSAWs"
PetscErrorCode  PetscInitializeSAWs(const char help[])
{
  if (!PetscGlobalRank) {
    char           cert[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN],root[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN],*intro,programname[64],*appline,*options,version[64];
    int            port;
    PetscBool      flg,rootlocal = PETSC_FALSE,flg2,selectport = PETSC_FALSE;
    size_t         applinelen,introlen;
    PetscErrorCode ierr;
    char           sawsurl[256];

    ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-saws_log",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg) {
      char  sawslog[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];

      ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-saws_log",sawslog,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (sawslog[0]) {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Use_Logfile,(sawslog));
      } else {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Use_Logfile,(NULL));
      }
    }
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-saws_https",cert,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg) {
      PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Use_HTTPS,(cert));
    }
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-saws_port_auto_select",&selectport,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (selectport) {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Get_Available_Port,(&port));
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Port,(port));
    } else {
      ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL,"-saws_port",&port,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (flg) {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Port,(port));
      }
    }
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-saws_root",root,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg) {
      PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Document_Root,(root));CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscStrcmp(root,".",&rootlocal);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    } else {
      ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-saws_options",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (flg) {
        ierr = PetscStrreplace(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"${PETSC_DIR}/share/petsc/saws",root,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Document_Root,(root));CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
    }
    ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-saws_local",&flg2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg2) {
      char jsdir[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
      if (!flg) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"-saws_local option requires -saws_root option");
      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(jsdir,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,"%s/js",root);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscTestDirectory(jsdir,'r',&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (!flg) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_FILE_READ,"-saws_local option requires js directory in root directory");
      PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Push_Local_Header,());CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscGetProgramName(programname,64);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscStrlen(help,&applinelen);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    introlen   = 4096 + applinelen;
    applinelen += 1024;
    ierr = PetscMalloc(applinelen,&appline);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscMalloc(introlen,&intro);CHKERRQ(ierr);

    if (rootlocal) {
      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(appline,applinelen,"%s.c.html",programname);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscTestFile(appline,'r',&rootlocal);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetAll(NULL,&options);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (rootlocal && help) {
      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(appline,applinelen,"<center> Running <a href=\"%s.c.html\">%s</a> %s</center><br><center><pre>%s</pre></center><br>\n",programname,programname,options,help);
    } else if (help) {
      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(appline,applinelen,"<center>Running %s %s</center><br><center><pre>%s</pre></center><br>",programname,options,help);
    } else {
      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(appline,applinelen,"<center> Running %s %s</center><br>\n",programname,options);
    }
    ierr = PetscFree(options);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscGetVersion(version,sizeof(version));CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSNPrintf(intro,introlen,"<body>\n"
                                    "<center><h2> <a href=\"http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc\">PETSc</a> Application Web server powered by <a href=\"https://bitbucket.org/saws/saws\">SAWs</a> </h2></center>\n"
                                    "<center>This is the default PETSc application dashboard, from it you can access any published PETSc objects or logging data</center><br><center>%s configured with %s</center><br>\n"
                                    "%s",version,petscconfigureoptions,appline);
    PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Push_Body,("index.html",0,intro));
    ierr = PetscFree(intro);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFree(appline);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (selectport) {
      PetscBool silent;

      ierr = SAWs_Initialize();
      /* another process may have grabbed the port so keep trying */
      while (ierr) {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Get_Available_Port,(&port));
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Set_Port,(port));
        ierr = SAWs_Initialize();
      }

      ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-saws_port_auto_select_silent",&silent,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (!silent) {
        PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Get_FullURL,(sizeof(sawsurl),sawsurl));
        ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"Point your browser to %s for SAWs\n",sawsurl);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
    } else {
      PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Initialize,());
    }
    ierr = PetscCitationsRegister("@TechReport{ saws,\n"
                                  "  Author = {Matt Otten and Jed Brown and Barry Smith},\n"
                                  "  Title  = {Scientific Application Web Server (SAWs) Users Manual},\n"
                                  "  Institution = {Argonne National Laboratory},\n"
                                  "  Year   = 2013\n}\n",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}
#endif

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscInitialize"
/*@C
   PetscInitialize - Initializes the PETSc database and MPI.
   PetscInitialize() calls MPI_Init() if that has yet to be called,
   so this routine should always be called near the beginning of
   your program -- usually the very first line!

   Collective on MPI_COMM_WORLD or PETSC_COMM_WORLD if it has been set

   Input Parameters:
+  argc - count of number of command line arguments
.  args - the command line arguments
.  file - [optional] PETSc database file, also checks ~username/.petscrc and .petscrc use NULL to not check for
          code specific file. Use -skip_petscrc in the code specific file to skip the .petscrc files
-  help - [optional] Help message to print, use NULL for no message

   If you wish PETSc code to run ONLY on a subcommunicator of MPI_COMM_WORLD, create that
   communicator first and assign it to PETSC_COMM_WORLD BEFORE calling PetscInitialize(). Thus if you are running a
   four process job and two processes will run PETSc and have PetscInitialize() and PetscFinalize() and two process will not,
   then do this. If ALL processes in the job are using PetscInitialize() and PetscFinalize() then you don't need to do this, even
   if different subcommunicators of the job are doing different things with PETSc.

   Options Database Keys:
+  -start_in_debugger [noxterm,dbx,xdb,gdb,...] - Starts program in debugger
.  -on_error_attach_debugger [noxterm,dbx,xdb,gdb,...] - Starts debugger when error detected
.  -on_error_emacs <machinename> causes emacsclient to jump to error file
.  -on_error_abort calls abort() when error detected (no traceback)
.  -on_error_mpiabort calls MPI_abort() when error detected
.  -error_output_stderr prints error messages to stderr instead of the default stdout
.  -error_output_none does not print the error messages (but handles errors in the same way as if this was not called)
.  -debugger_nodes [node1,node2,...] - Indicates nodes to start in debugger
.  -debugger_pause [sleeptime] (in seconds) - Pauses debugger
.  -stop_for_debugger - Print message on how to attach debugger manually to
                        process and wait (-debugger_pause) seconds for attachment
.  -malloc - Indicates use of PETSc error-checking malloc (on by default for debug version of libraries)
.  -malloc no - Indicates not to use error-checking malloc
.  -malloc_debug - check for memory corruption at EVERY malloc or free
.  -malloc_dump - prints a list of all unfreed memory at the end of the run
.  -malloc_test - like -malloc_dump -malloc_debug, but only active for debugging builds
.  -fp_trap - Stops on floating point exceptions (Note that on the
              IBM RS6000 this slows code by at least a factor of 10.)
.  -no_signal_handler - Indicates not to trap error signals
.  -shared_tmp - indicates /tmp directory is shared by all processors
.  -not_shared_tmp - each processor has own /tmp
.  -tmp - alternative name of /tmp directory
.  -get_total_flops - returns total flops done by all processors
-  -memory_view - Print memory usage at end of run

   Options Database Keys for Profiling:
   See Users-Manual: ch_profiling for details.
+  -info <optional filename> - Prints verbose information to the screen
.  -info_exclude <null,vec,mat,pc,ksp,snes,ts> - Excludes some of the verbose messages
.  -log_sync - Log the synchronization in scatters, inner products and norms
.  -log_trace [filename] - Print traces of all PETSc calls to the screen (useful to determine where a program
        hangs without running in the debugger).  See PetscLogTraceBegin().
.  -log_view [:filename:format] - Prints summary of flop and timing information to screen or file, see PetscLogView().
.  -log_summary [filename] - (Deprecated, use -log_view) Prints summary of flop and timing information to screen. If the filename is specified the
        summary is written to the file.  See PetscLogView().
.  -log_exclude: <vec,mat,pc.ksp,snes> - excludes subset of object classes from logging
.  -log_all [filename] - Logs extensive profiling information  See PetscLogDump().
.  -log [filename] - Logs basic profiline information  See PetscLogDump().
-  -log_mpe [filename] - Creates a logfile viewable by the utility Jumpshot (in MPICH distribution)

    Only one of -log_trace, -log_view, -log_summary, -log_all, -log, or -log_mpe may be used at a time

   Options Database Keys for SAWs:
+  -saws_port <portnumber> - port number to publish SAWs data, default is 8080
.  -saws_port_auto_select - have SAWs select a new unique port number where it publishes the data, the URL is printed to the screen
                            this is useful when you are running many jobs that utilize SAWs at the same time
.  -saws_log <filename> - save a log of all SAWs communication
.  -saws_https <certificate file> - have SAWs use HTTPS instead of HTTP
-  -saws_root <directory> - allow SAWs to have access to the given directory to search for requested resources and files

   Environmental Variables:
+   PETSC_TMP - alternative tmp directory
.   PETSC_SHARED_TMP - tmp is shared by all processes
.   PETSC_NOT_SHARED_TMP - each process has its own private tmp
.   PETSC_VIEWER_SOCKET_PORT - socket number to use for socket viewer
-   PETSC_VIEWER_SOCKET_MACHINE - machine to use for socket viewer to connect to


   Level: beginner

   Notes:
   If for some reason you must call MPI_Init() separately, call
   it before PetscInitialize().

   Fortran Version:
   In Fortran this routine has the format
$       call PetscInitialize(file,ierr)

+   ierr - error return code
-  file - [optional] PETSc database file, also checks ~username/.petscrc and .petscrc use PETSC_NULL_CHARACTER to not check for
          code specific file. Use -skip_petscrc in the code specific file to skip the .petscrc files

   Important Fortran Note:
   In Fortran, you MUST use PETSC_NULL_CHARACTER to indicate a
   null character string; you CANNOT just use NULL as
   in the C version. See Users-Manual: ch_fortran for details.

   If your main program is C but you call Fortran code that also uses PETSc you need to call PetscInitializeFortran() soon after
   calling PetscInitialize().

   Concepts: initializing PETSc

.seealso: PetscFinalize(), PetscInitializeFortran(), PetscGetArgs(), PetscInitializeNoArguments()

@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscInitialize(int *argc,char ***args,const char file[],const char help[])
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  PetscMPIInt    flag, size;
  PetscBool      flg;
  char           hostname[256];
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)
  cublasStatus_t cberr;
#endif

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (PetscInitializeCalled) PetscFunctionReturn(0);

  /* these must be initialized in a routine, not as a constant declaration*/
  PETSC_STDOUT = stdout;
  PETSC_STDERR = stderr;

  /* on Windows - set printf to default to printing 2 digit exponents */
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE__SET_OUTPUT_FORMAT)
  _set_output_format(_TWO_DIGIT_EXPONENT);
#endif

  ierr = PetscOptionsCreateDefault();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     We initialize the program name here (before MPI_Init()) because MPICH has a bug in
     it that it sets args[0] on all processors to be args[0] on the first processor.
  */
  if (argc && *argc) {
    ierr = PetscSetProgramName(**args);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr = PetscSetProgramName("Unknown Name");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  ierr = MPI_Initialized(&flag);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!flag) {
    if (PETSC_COMM_WORLD != MPI_COMM_NULL) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"You cannot set PETSC_COMM_WORLD if you have not initialized MPI first");
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_INIT_THREAD)
    {
      PetscMPIInt provided;
      ierr = MPI_Init_thread(argc,args,MPI_THREAD_FUNNELED,&provided);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
#else
    ierr = MPI_Init(argc,args);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
    PetscBeganMPI = PETSC_TRUE;
  }
  if (argc && args) {
    PetscGlobalArgc = *argc;
    PetscGlobalArgs = *args;
  }
  PetscFinalizeCalled = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscSpinlockCreate(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockOpen);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockCreate(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStdout);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockCreate(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStderr);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockCreate(&PetscCommSpinLock);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  if (PETSC_COMM_WORLD == MPI_COMM_NULL) PETSC_COMM_WORLD = MPI_COMM_WORLD;
  ierr = MPI_Comm_set_errhandler(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,MPI_ERRORS_RETURN);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* Done after init due to a bug in MPICH-GM? */
  ierr = PetscErrorPrintfInitialize();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&PetscGlobalRank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&PetscGlobalSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  MPIU_BOOL = MPI_INT;
  MPIU_ENUM = MPI_INT;

  /*
     Initialized the global complex variable; this is because with
     shared libraries the constructors for global variables
     are not called; at least on IRIX.
  */
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  {
#if defined(PETSC_CLANGUAGE_CXX)
    PetscComplex ic(0.0,1.0);
    PETSC_i = ic;
#elif defined(PETSC_CLANGUAGE_C)
    PETSC_i = _Complex_I;
#endif
  }

#if !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)
  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(2,MPI_DOUBLE,&MPIU_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(2,MPI_FLOAT,&MPIU_C_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU_C_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
#endif /* PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX */

  /*
     Create the PETSc MPI reduction operator that sums of the first
     half of the entries and maxes the second half.
  */
  ierr = MPI_Op_create(MPIU_MaxSum_Local,1,&MPIU_MAXSUM_OP);CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(2,MPI_DOUBLE,&MPIU___FLOAT128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU___FLOAT128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(4,MPI_DOUBLE,&MPIU___COMPLEX128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU___COMPLEX128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
  ierr = MPI_Op_create(PetscMax_Local,1,&MPIU_MAX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Op_create(PetscMin_Local,1,&MPIU_MIN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

#if (defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX) && !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)) || defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
  ierr = MPI_Op_create(PetscSum_Local,1,&MPIU_SUM);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(2,MPIU_SCALAR,&MPIU_2SCALAR);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU_2SCALAR);CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES) || !defined(MPI_2INT)
  ierr = MPI_Type_contiguous(2,MPIU_INT,&MPIU_2INT);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_commit(&MPIU_2INT);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif


  /*
     Attributes to be set on PETSc communicators
  */
  ierr = MPI_Keyval_create(MPI_NULL_COPY_FN,Petsc_DelCounter,&Petsc_Counter_keyval,(void*)0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Keyval_create(MPI_NULL_COPY_FN,Petsc_DelComm_Outer,&Petsc_InnerComm_keyval,(void*)0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Keyval_create(MPI_NULL_COPY_FN,Petsc_DelComm_Inner,&Petsc_OuterComm_keyval,(void*)0);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     Build the options database
  */
  ierr = PetscOptionsInsert(NULL,argc,args,file);CHKERRQ(ierr);


  /*
     Print main application help message
  */
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-help",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (help && flg) {
    ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,help);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscOptionsCheckInitial_Private();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscCitationsInitialize();CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SAWS)
  ierr = PetscInitializeSAWs(help);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  /* Creates the logging data structures; this is enabled even if logging is not turned on */
#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  ierr = PetscLogInitialize();CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  /*
     Load the dynamic libraries (on machines that support them), this registers all
     the solvers etc. (On non-dynamic machines this initializes the PetscDraw and PetscViewer classes)
  */
  ierr = PetscInitialize_DynamicLibraries();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscInfo1(0,"PETSc successfully started: number of processors = %d\n",size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscGetHostName(hostname,256);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscInfo1(0,"Running on machine: %s\n",hostname);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscOptionsCheckInitial_Components();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Check the options database for options related to the options database itself */
  ierr = PetscOptionsSetFromOptions(NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_USE_PETSC_MPI_EXTERNAL32)
  /*
      Tell MPI about our own data representation converter, this would/should be used if extern32 is not supported by the MPI

      Currently not used because it is not supported by MPICH.
  */
#if !defined(PETSC_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
  ierr = MPI_Register_datarep((char*)"petsc",PetscDataRep_read_conv_fn,PetscDataRep_write_conv_fn,PetscDataRep_extent_fn,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)
  flg  = PETSC_TRUE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-cublas",&flg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg) {
    PetscMPIInt p;
    for (p = 0; p < PetscGlobalSize; ++p) {
      if (p == PetscGlobalRank) {
        cberr = cublasCreate(&cublasv2handle);CHKERRCUBLAS(cberr);
      }
      ierr = MPI_Barrier(PETSC_COMM_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
#endif

  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-python",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg) {
    PetscInitializeCalled = PETSC_TRUE;
    ierr = PetscPythonInitialize(NULL,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /*
      Setup building of stack frames for all function calls
  */
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG) && !defined(PETSC_HAVE_THREADSAFETY)
  ierr = PetscStackCreate();CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_SERIALIZE_FUNCTIONS)
  ierr = PetscFPTCreate(10000);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif


  /*
      Once we are completedly initialized then we can set this variables
  */
  PetscInitializeCalled = PETSC_TRUE;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
extern PetscObject *PetscObjects;
extern PetscInt    PetscObjectsCounts, PetscObjectsMaxCounts;
extern PetscBool   PetscObjectsLog;
#endif

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "PetscFinalize"
/*@C
   PetscFinalize - Checks for options to be called at the conclusion
   of the program. MPI_Finalize() is called only if the user had not
   called MPI_Init() before calling PetscInitialize().

   Collective on PETSC_COMM_WORLD

   Options Database Keys:
+  -options_table - Calls PetscOptionsView()
.  -options_left - Prints unused options that remain in the database
.  -objects_dump [all] - Prints list of objects allocated by the user that have not been freed, the option all cause all outstanding objects to be listed
.  -mpidump - Calls PetscMPIDump()
.  -malloc_dump - Calls PetscMallocDump()
.  -malloc_info - Prints total memory usage
-  -malloc_log - Prints summary of memory usage

   Level: beginner

   Note:
   See PetscInitialize() for more general runtime options.

.seealso: PetscInitialize(), PetscOptionsView(), PetscMallocDump(), PetscMPIDump(), PetscEnd()
@*/
PetscErrorCode  PetscFinalize(void)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  PetscMPIInt    rank;
  PetscInt       nopt;
  PetscBool      flg1 = PETSC_FALSE,flg2 = PETSC_FALSE,flg3 = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscBool      flg;
#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  char           mname[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
#endif
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)
  cublasStatus_t cberr;
#endif

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!PetscInitializeCalled) {
    printf("PetscInitialize() must be called before PetscFinalize()\n");
    PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE);
  }
  ierr = PetscInfo(NULL,"PetscFinalize() called\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-citations",&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg) {
    char  *cits, filename[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
    FILE  *fd = PETSC_STDOUT;

    ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-citations",filename,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (filename[0]) {
      ierr = PetscFOpen(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,filename,"w",&fd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscSegBufferGet(PetscCitationsList,1,&cits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    cits[0] = 0;
    ierr = PetscSegBufferExtractAlloc(PetscCitationsList,&cits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,fd,"If you publish results based on this computation please cite the following:\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,fd,"===========================================================================\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,fd,"%s",cits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,fd,"===========================================================================\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFClose(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,fd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFree(cits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscSegBufferDestroy(&PetscCitationsList);CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SSL) && defined(PETSC_USE_SOCKET_VIEWER)
  /* TextBelt is run for testing purposes only, please do not use this feature often */
  {
    PetscInt nmax = 2;
    char     **buffs;
    ierr = PetscMalloc1(2,&buffs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetStringArray(NULL,NULL,"-textbelt",buffs,&nmax,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg1) {
      if (!nmax) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_ERR_USER,"-textbelt requires either the phone number or number,\"message\"");
      if (nmax == 1) {
        ierr = PetscMalloc1(128,&buffs[1]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = PetscGetProgramName(buffs[1],32);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = PetscStrcat(buffs[1]," has completed");CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = PetscTextBelt(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,buffs[0],buffs[1],NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscFree(buffs[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscFree(buffs[1]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscFree(buffs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif
  /*
    It should be safe to cancel the options monitors, since we don't expect to be setting options
    here (at least that are worth monitoring).  Monitors ought to be released so that they release
    whatever memory was allocated there before -malloc_dump reports unfreed memory.
  */
  ierr = PetscOptionsMonitorCancel();CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_SERIALIZE_FUNCTIONS)
  ierr = PetscFPTDestroy();CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif


#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SAWS)
  flg = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-saw_options",&flg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg) {
    ierr = PetscOptionsSAWsDestroy();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_X)
  flg1 = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-x_virtual",&flg1,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
    /*  this is a crude hack, but better than nothing */
    ierr = PetscPOpen(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,NULL,"pkill -9 Xvfb","r",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif

#if !defined(PETSC_HAVE_THREADSAFETY)
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_info",&flg2,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!flg2) {
    flg2 = PETSC_FALSE;
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-memory_view",&flg2,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  if (flg2) {
    ierr = PetscMemoryView(PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD,"Summary of Memory Usage in PETSc\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  flg1 = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-get_total_flops",&flg1,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
    PetscLogDouble flops = 0;
    ierr = MPI_Reduce(&petsc_TotalFlops,&flops,1,MPI_DOUBLE,MPI_SUM,0,PETSC_COMM_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"Total flops over all processors %g\n",flops);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
#endif


#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPE)
  mname[0] = 0;

  ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-log_mpe",mname,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
    if (mname[0]) {ierr = PetscLogMPEDump(mname);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
    else          {ierr = PetscLogMPEDump(0);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
  }
#endif
  mname[0] = 0;

  ierr = PetscLogViewFromOptions();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-log_summary",mname,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
    PetscViewer viewer;
    ierr = (*PetscHelpPrintf)(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"\n\n WARNING:   -log_summary is being deprecated; switch to -log_view\n\n\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (mname[0]) {
      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIOpen(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,mname,&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscLogView(viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscViewerDestroy(&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    } else {
      viewer = PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD;
      ierr   = PetscViewerPushFormat(viewer,PETSC_VIEWER_DEFAULT);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr   = PetscLogView(viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr   = PetscViewerPopFormat(viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
  mname[0] = 0;

  ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-log_all",mname,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-log",mname,PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN,&flg2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1 || flg2) {
    if (mname[0]) PetscLogDump(mname);
    else          PetscLogDump(0);
  }
#endif

  /*
     Free all objects registered with PetscObjectRegisterDestroy() such as PETSC_VIEWER_XXX_().
  */
  ierr = PetscObjectRegisterDestroyAll();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscStackDestroy();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  flg1 = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-no_signal_handler",&flg1,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!flg1) { ierr = PetscPopSignalHandler();CHKERRQ(ierr);}
  flg1 = PETSC_FALSE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-mpidump",&flg1,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg1) {
    ierr = PetscMPIDump(stdout);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  flg1 = PETSC_FALSE;
  flg2 = PETSC_FALSE;
  /* preemptive call to avoid listing this option in options table as unused */
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_dump",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-objects_dump",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-options_view",&flg2,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  if (flg2) {
    PetscViewer viewer;
    ierr = PetscViewerCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerSetType(viewer,PETSCVIEWERASCII);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscOptionsView(NULL,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerDestroy(&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /* to prevent PETSc -options_left from warning */
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-nox",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-nox_warning",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  flg3 = PETSC_FALSE; /* default value is required */
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-options_left",&flg3,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsAllUsed(NULL,&nopt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg3) {
    if (!flg2) { /* have not yet printed the options */
      PetscViewer viewer;
      ierr = PetscViewerCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscViewerSetType(viewer,PETSCVIEWERASCII);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscOptionsView(NULL,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscViewerDestroy(&viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    if (!nopt) {
      ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"There are no unused options.\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    } else if (nopt == 1) {
      ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"There is one unused database option. It is:\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    } else {
      ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"There are %D unused database options. They are:\n",nopt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
  if (nopt && !flg3 && !flg1) {
    ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"WARNING! There are options you set that were not used!\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"WARNING! could be spelling mistake, etc!\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscOptionsLeft(NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else if (nopt && flg3) {
#else
  if (nopt && flg3) {
#endif
    ierr = PetscOptionsLeft(NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_SAWS)
  if (!PetscGlobalRank) {
    ierr = PetscStackSAWsViewOff();CHKERRQ(ierr);
    PetscStackCallSAWs(SAWs_Finalize,());
  }
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  /*
       List all objects the user may have forgot to free
  */
  if (PetscObjectsLog) {
    ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-objects_dump",&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg1) {
      MPI_Comm local_comm;
      char     string[64];

      ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-objects_dump",string,64,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Comm_dup(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&local_comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscSequentialPhaseBegin_Private(local_comm,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscObjectsDump(stdout,(string[0] == 'a') ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscSequentialPhaseEnd_Private(local_comm,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Comm_free(&local_comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  PetscObjectsCounts    = 0;
  PetscObjectsMaxCounts = 0;
  ierr = PetscFree(PetscObjects);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  /*
     Destroy any packages that registered a finalize
  */
  ierr = PetscRegisterFinalizeAll();CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_USE_LOG)
  ierr = PetscLogDestroy();CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  /*
     Print PetscFunctionLists that have not been properly freed

  ierr = PetscFunctionListPrintAll();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  */

  if (petsc_history) {
    ierr = PetscCloseHistoryFile(&petsc_history);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    petsc_history = 0;
  }
  ierr = PetscOptionsHelpPrintedDestroy(&PetscOptionsHelpPrintedSingleton);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscInfoAllow(PETSC_FALSE,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if !defined(PETSC_HAVE_THREADSAFETY)
  {
    char fname[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
    FILE *fd;
    int  err;

    fname[0] = 0;

    ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_dump",fname,250,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    flg2 = PETSC_FALSE;
    ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_test",&flg2,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#if defined(PETSC_USE_DEBUG)
    if (PETSC_RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND) flg2 = PETSC_FALSE;
#else
    flg2 = PETSC_FALSE;         /* Skip reporting for optimized builds regardless of -malloc_test */
#endif
    if (flg1 && fname[0]) {
      char sname[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];

      sprintf(sname,"%s_%d",fname,rank);
      fd   = fopen(sname,"w"); if (!fd) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_FILE_OPEN,"Cannot open log file: %s",sname);
      ierr = PetscMallocDump(fd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      err  = fclose(fd);
      if (err) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SYS,"fclose() failed on file");
    } else if (flg1 || flg2) {
      MPI_Comm local_comm;

      ierr = MPI_Comm_dup(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&local_comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscSequentialPhaseBegin_Private(local_comm,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscMallocDump(stdout);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscSequentialPhaseEnd_Private(local_comm,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Comm_free(&local_comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }

  {
    char fname[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
    FILE *fd = NULL;

    fname[0] = 0;

    ierr = PetscOptionsGetString(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_log",fname,250,&flg1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-malloc_log_threshold",&flg2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg1 && fname[0]) {
      int err;

      if (!rank) {
        fd = fopen(fname,"w");
        if (!fd) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_FILE_OPEN,"Cannot open log file: %s",fname);
      }
      ierr = PetscMallocDumpLog(fd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (fd) {
        err = fclose(fd);
        if (err) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SYS,"fclose() failed on file");
      }
    } else if (flg1 || flg2) {
      ierr = PetscMallocDumpLog(stdout);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
#endif

  /*
     Close any open dynamic libraries
  */
  ierr = PetscFinalize_DynamicLibraries();CHKERRQ(ierr);

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)
  flg  = PETSC_TRUE;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,NULL,"-cublas",&flg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (flg) {
    PetscInt p;
    for (p = 0; p < PetscGlobalSize; ++p) {
      if (p == PetscGlobalRank) {
        if (cublasv2handle) {
          cberr = cublasDestroy(cublasv2handle);CHKERRCUBLAS(cberr);
        }
      }
      ierr = MPI_Barrier(PETSC_COMM_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
#endif

  /* Can be destroyed only after all the options are used */
  ierr = PetscOptionsDestroyDefault();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  PetscGlobalArgc = 0;
  PetscGlobalArgs = 0;

#if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU___FLOAT128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU___COMPLEX128);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
  ierr = MPI_Op_free(&MPIU_MAX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Op_free(&MPIU_MIN);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
#if !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)
  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU_C_COMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
#endif

#if (defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX) && !defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX)) || defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
  ierr = MPI_Op_free(&MPIU_SUM);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif

  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU_2SCALAR);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES) || !defined(MPI_2INT)
  ierr = MPI_Type_free(&MPIU_2INT);CHKERRQ(ierr);
#endif
  ierr = MPI_Op_free(&MPIU_MAXSUM_OP);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     Destroy any known inner MPI_Comm's and attributes pointing to them
     Note this will not destroy any new communicators the user has created.

     If all PETSc objects were not destroyed those left over objects will have hanging references to
     the MPI_Comms that were freed; but that is ok because those PETSc objects will never be used again
 */
  {
    PetscCommCounter *counter;
    PetscMPIInt      flg;
    MPI_Comm         icomm;
    union {MPI_Comm comm; void *ptr;} ucomm;
    ierr = MPI_Attr_get(PETSC_COMM_SELF,Petsc_InnerComm_keyval,&ucomm,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg) {
      icomm = ucomm.comm;
      ierr = MPI_Attr_get(icomm,Petsc_Counter_keyval,&counter,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (!flg) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT,"Inner MPI_Comm does not have expected tag/name counter, problem with corrupted memory");

      ierr = MPI_Attr_delete(PETSC_COMM_SELF,Petsc_InnerComm_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Attr_delete(icomm,Petsc_Counter_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Comm_free(&icomm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = MPI_Attr_get(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,Petsc_InnerComm_keyval,&ucomm,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flg) {
      icomm = ucomm.comm;
      ierr = MPI_Attr_get(icomm,Petsc_Counter_keyval,&counter,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (!flg) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT,"Inner MPI_Comm does not have expected tag/name counter, problem with corrupted memory");

      ierr = MPI_Attr_delete(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,Petsc_InnerComm_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Attr_delete(icomm,Petsc_Counter_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MPI_Comm_free(&icomm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }

  ierr = MPI_Keyval_free(&Petsc_Counter_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Keyval_free(&Petsc_InnerComm_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Keyval_free(&Petsc_OuterComm_keyval);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = PetscSpinlockDestroy(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockOpen);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockDestroy(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStdout);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockDestroy(&PetscViewerASCIISpinLockStderr);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpinlockDestroy(&PetscCommSpinLock);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  if (PetscBeganMPI) {
#if defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_FINALIZED)
    PetscMPIInt flag;
    ierr = MPI_Finalized(&flag);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (flag) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_LIB,"MPI_Finalize() has already been called, even though MPI_Init() was called by PetscInitialize()");
#endif
    ierr = MPI_Finalize();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
/*

     Note: In certain cases PETSC_COMM_WORLD is never MPI_Comm_free()ed because
   the communicator has some outstanding requests on it. Specifically if the
   flag PETSC_HAVE_BROKEN_REQUEST_FREE is set (for IBM MPI implementation). See
   src/vec/utils/vpscat.c. Due to this the memory allocated in PetscCommDuplicate()
   is never freed as it should be. Thus one may obtain messages of the form
   [ 1] 8 bytes PetscCommDuplicate() line 645 in src/sys/mpiu.c indicating the
   memory was not freed.

*/
  ierr = PetscMallocClear();CHKERRQ(ierr);

  PetscInitializeCalled = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscFinalizeCalled   = PETSC_TRUE;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#if defined(PETSC_MISSING_LAPACK_lsame_)
PETSC_EXTERN int lsame_(char *a,char *b)
{
  if (*a == *b) return 1;
  if (*a + 32 == *b) return 1;
  if (*a - 32 == *b) return 1;
  return 0;
}
#endif

#if defined(PETSC_MISSING_LAPACK_lsame)
PETSC_EXTERN int lsame(char *a,char *b)
{
  if (*a == *b) return 1;
  if (*a + 32 == *b) return 1;
  if (*a - 32 == *b) return 1;
  return 0;
}
#endif