xref: /petsc/src/tao/unconstrained/impls/neldermead/neldermead.c (revision bcd4bb4a4158aa96f212e9537e87b40407faf83e)
1 #include <../src/tao/unconstrained/impls/neldermead/neldermead.h>
2 #include <petscvec.h>
3 
4 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
5 static PetscErrorCode NelderMeadSort(TAO_NelderMead *nm)
6 {
7   PetscReal *values  = nm->f_values;
8   PetscInt  *indices = nm->indices;
9   PetscInt   dim     = nm->N + 1;
10   PetscInt   i, j, index;
11   PetscReal  val;
12 
13   PetscFunctionBegin;
14   for (i = 1; i < dim; i++) {
15     index = indices[i];
16     val   = values[index];
17     for (j = i - 1; j >= 0 && values[indices[j]] > val; j--) indices[j + 1] = indices[j];
18     indices[j + 1] = index;
19   }
20   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
21 }
22 
23 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
24 static PetscErrorCode NelderMeadReplace(TAO_NelderMead *nm, PetscInt index, Vec Xmu, PetscReal f)
25 {
26   PetscFunctionBegin;
27   /*  Add new vector's fraction of average */
28   PetscCall(VecAXPY(nm->Xbar, nm->oneOverN, Xmu));
29   PetscCall(VecCopy(Xmu, nm->simplex[index]));
30   nm->f_values[index] = f;
31 
32   PetscCall(NelderMeadSort(nm));
33 
34   /*  Subtract last vector from average */
35   PetscCall(VecAXPY(nm->Xbar, -nm->oneOverN, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
36   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
37 }
38 
39 /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */
40 static PetscErrorCode TaoSetUp_NM(Tao tao)
41 {
42   TAO_NelderMead *nm = (TAO_NelderMead *)tao->data;
43   PetscInt        n;
44 
45   PetscFunctionBegin;
46   PetscCall(VecGetSize(tao->solution, &n));
47   nm->N        = n;
48   nm->oneOverN = 1.0 / n;
49   PetscCall(VecDuplicateVecs(tao->solution, nm->N + 1, &nm->simplex));
50   PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(nm->N + 1, &nm->f_values));
51   PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(nm->N + 1, &nm->indices));
52   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(tao->solution, &nm->Xbar));
53   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(tao->solution, &nm->Xmur));
54   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(tao->solution, &nm->Xmue));
55   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(tao->solution, &nm->Xmuc));
56 
57   tao->gradient = NULL;
58   tao->step     = 0;
59   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
60 }
61 
62 /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */
63 static PetscErrorCode TaoDestroy_NM(Tao tao)
64 {
65   TAO_NelderMead *nm = (TAO_NelderMead *)tao->data;
66 
67   PetscFunctionBegin;
68   if (tao->setupcalled) {
69     PetscCall(VecDestroyVecs(nm->N + 1, &nm->simplex));
70     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nm->Xmuc));
71     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nm->Xmue));
72     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nm->Xmur));
73     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nm->Xbar));
74   }
75   PetscCall(PetscFree(nm->indices));
76   PetscCall(PetscFree(nm->f_values));
77   PetscCall(PetscFree(tao->data));
78   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
79 }
80 
81 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
82 static PetscErrorCode TaoSetFromOptions_NM(Tao tao, PetscOptionItems PetscOptionsObject)
83 {
84   TAO_NelderMead *nm = (TAO_NelderMead *)tao->data;
85 
86   PetscFunctionBegin;
87   PetscOptionsHeadBegin(PetscOptionsObject, "Nelder-Mead options");
88   PetscCall(PetscOptionsDeprecated("-tao_nm_lamda", "-tao_nm_lambda", "3.18.4", NULL));
89   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-tao_nm_lambda", "initial step length", "", nm->lambda, &nm->lambda, NULL));
90   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-tao_nm_mu", "mu", "", nm->mu_oc, &nm->mu_oc, NULL));
91   nm->mu_ic = -nm->mu_oc;
92   nm->mu_r  = nm->mu_oc * 2.0;
93   nm->mu_e  = nm->mu_oc * 4.0;
94   PetscOptionsHeadEnd();
95   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
96 }
97 
98 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
99 static PetscErrorCode TaoView_NM(Tao tao, PetscViewer viewer)
100 {
101   TAO_NelderMead *nm = (TAO_NelderMead *)tao->data;
102   PetscBool       isascii;
103 
104   PetscFunctionBegin;
105   PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer, PETSCVIEWERASCII, &isascii));
106   if (isascii) {
107     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(viewer));
108     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "expansions: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", nm->nexpand));
109     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "reflections: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", nm->nreflect));
110     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "inside contractions: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", nm->nincontract));
111     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "outside contractionss: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", nm->noutcontract));
112     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "Shrink steps: %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", nm->nshrink));
113     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(viewer));
114   }
115   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
116 }
117 
118 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
119 static PetscErrorCode TaoSolve_NM(Tao tao)
120 {
121   TAO_NelderMead *nm = (TAO_NelderMead *)tao->data;
122   PetscReal      *x;
123   PetscInt        i;
124   Vec             Xmur = nm->Xmur, Xmue = nm->Xmue, Xmuc = nm->Xmuc, Xbar = nm->Xbar;
125   PetscReal       fr, fe, fc;
126   PetscInt        shrink;
127   PetscInt        low, high;
128 
129   PetscFunctionBegin;
130   nm->nshrink      = 0;
131   nm->nreflect     = 0;
132   nm->nincontract  = 0;
133   nm->noutcontract = 0;
134   nm->nexpand      = 0;
135 
136   if (tao->XL || tao->XU || tao->ops->computebounds) PetscCall(PetscInfo(tao, "WARNING: Variable bounds have been set but will be ignored by NelderMead algorithm\n"));
137 
138   PetscCall(VecCopy(tao->solution, nm->simplex[0]));
139   PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, nm->simplex[0], &nm->f_values[0]));
140   nm->indices[0] = 0;
141   for (i = 1; i < nm->N + 1; i++) {
142     PetscCall(VecCopy(tao->solution, nm->simplex[i]));
143     PetscCall(VecGetOwnershipRange(nm->simplex[i], &low, &high));
144     if (i - 1 >= low && i - 1 < high) {
145       PetscCall(VecGetArray(nm->simplex[i], &x));
146       x[i - 1 - low] += nm->lambda;
147       PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(nm->simplex[i], &x));
148     }
149 
150     PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, nm->simplex[i], &nm->f_values[i]));
151     nm->indices[i] = i;
152   }
153 
154   /*  Xbar  = (Sum of all simplex vectors - worst vector)/N */
155   PetscCall(NelderMeadSort(nm));
156   PetscCall(VecSet(Xbar, 0.0));
157   for (i = 0; i < nm->N; i++) PetscCall(VecAXPY(Xbar, 1.0, nm->simplex[nm->indices[i]]));
158   PetscCall(VecScale(Xbar, nm->oneOverN));
159   tao->reason = TAO_CONTINUE_ITERATING;
160   while (1) {
161     /* Call general purpose update function */
162     PetscTryTypeMethod(tao, update, tao->niter, tao->user_update);
163     ++tao->niter;
164     shrink = 0;
165     PetscCall(VecCopy(nm->simplex[nm->indices[0]], tao->solution));
166     PetscCall(TaoLogConvergenceHistory(tao, nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]], nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N]] - nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]], 0.0, tao->ksp_its));
167     PetscCall(TaoMonitor(tao, tao->niter, nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]], nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N]] - nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]], 0.0, 1.0));
168     PetscUseTypeMethod(tao, convergencetest, tao->cnvP);
169     if (tao->reason != TAO_CONTINUE_ITERATING) break;
170 
171     /* x(mu) = (1 + mu)Xbar - mu*X_N+1 */
172     PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xmur, 1 + nm->mu_r, -nm->mu_r, 0, Xbar, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
173     PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, Xmur, &fr));
174 
175     if (nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]] <= fr && fr < nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N - 1]]) {
176       /*  reflect */
177       nm->nreflect++;
178       PetscCall(PetscInfo(0, "Reflect\n"));
179       PetscCall(NelderMeadReplace(nm, nm->indices[nm->N], Xmur, fr));
180     } else if (fr < nm->f_values[nm->indices[0]]) {
181       /*  expand */
182       nm->nexpand++;
183       PetscCall(PetscInfo(0, "Expand\n"));
184       PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xmue, 1 + nm->mu_e, -nm->mu_e, 0, Xbar, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
185       PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, Xmue, &fe));
186       if (fe < fr) {
187         PetscCall(NelderMeadReplace(nm, nm->indices[nm->N], Xmue, fe));
188       } else {
189         PetscCall(NelderMeadReplace(nm, nm->indices[nm->N], Xmur, fr));
190       }
191     } else if (nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N - 1]] <= fr && fr < nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N]]) {
192       /* outside contraction */
193       nm->noutcontract++;
194       PetscCall(PetscInfo(0, "Outside Contraction\n"));
195       PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xmuc, 1 + nm->mu_oc, -nm->mu_oc, 0, Xbar, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
196 
197       PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, Xmuc, &fc));
198       if (fc <= fr) PetscCall(NelderMeadReplace(nm, nm->indices[nm->N], Xmuc, fc));
199       else shrink = 1;
200     } else {
201       /* inside contraction */
202       nm->nincontract++;
203       PetscCall(PetscInfo(0, "Inside Contraction\n"));
204       PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xmuc, 1 + nm->mu_ic, -nm->mu_ic, 0, Xbar, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
205       PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, Xmuc, &fc));
206       if (fc < nm->f_values[nm->indices[nm->N]]) PetscCall(NelderMeadReplace(nm, nm->indices[nm->N], Xmuc, fc));
207       else shrink = 1;
208     }
209 
210     if (shrink) {
211       nm->nshrink++;
212       PetscCall(PetscInfo(0, "Shrink\n"));
213 
214       for (i = 1; i < nm->N + 1; i++) {
215         PetscCall(VecAXPBY(nm->simplex[nm->indices[i]], 1.5, -0.5, nm->simplex[nm->indices[0]]));
216         PetscCall(TaoComputeObjective(tao, nm->simplex[nm->indices[i]], &nm->f_values[nm->indices[i]]));
217       }
218       PetscCall(VecAXPBY(Xbar, 1.5 * nm->oneOverN, -0.5, nm->simplex[nm->indices[0]]));
219 
220       /*  Add last vector's fraction of average */
221       PetscCall(VecAXPY(Xbar, nm->oneOverN, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
222       PetscCall(NelderMeadSort(nm));
223       /*  Subtract new last vector from average */
224       PetscCall(VecAXPY(Xbar, -nm->oneOverN, nm->simplex[nm->indices[nm->N]]));
225     }
226   }
227   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
228 }
229 
230 /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */
231 /*MC
232  TAONM - Nelder-Mead solver for derivative free, unconstrained minimization
233 
234  Options Database Keys:
235 + -tao_nm_lambda - initial step length
236 - -tao_nm_mu - expansion/contraction factor
237 
238  Level: beginner
239 M*/
240 
241 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode TaoCreate_NM(Tao tao)
242 {
243   TAO_NelderMead *nm;
244 
245   PetscFunctionBegin;
246   PetscCall(PetscNew(&nm));
247   tao->data = (void *)nm;
248 
249   tao->ops->setup          = TaoSetUp_NM;
250   tao->ops->solve          = TaoSolve_NM;
251   tao->ops->view           = TaoView_NM;
252   tao->ops->setfromoptions = TaoSetFromOptions_NM;
253   tao->ops->destroy        = TaoDestroy_NM;
254 
255   /* Override default settings (unless already changed) */
256   PetscCall(TaoParametersInitialize(tao));
257   PetscObjectParameterSetDefault(tao, max_it, 2000);
258   PetscObjectParameterSetDefault(tao, max_funcs, 4000);
259 
260   nm->simplex = NULL;
261   nm->lambda  = 1;
262 
263   nm->mu_ic = -0.5;
264   nm->mu_oc = 0.5;
265   nm->mu_r  = 1.0;
266   nm->mu_e  = 2.0;
267   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
268 }
269